CAJ | 학술논문

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱法和三维荧光光谱法研究了4个人工增殖区中仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)前肠内含物溶解有机质(DOM)的光谱特征,从DOM的来源与组成等方面对人工增殖区仿刺参饵料环境状况进行评价。4个人工增殖区仿刺参前肠内含物DOM的紫外光谱数据E3/E4范围为1.56~2.98； DOM的腐殖化程度、芳香性及相对分子量平均值由高到低均依次为莱州、双岛、天鹅湖、俚岛；各海区仿刺参前肠内含物DOM在280 nm紫外可见吸光度值差异不显著(P<0.05),表明仿刺参所摄食沉积质中溶解有机碳(DOC)的相对含量差异不显著,4个资源增殖区提供给仿刺参 DOC 的能力相近。对仿刺参前肠内含物 DOM 的三维荧光光谱扫描结果表明,所有 DOM的三维荧光光谱图中均出现1个明显的蛋白荧光峰,且峰值强度较高,说明研究区域可能形成蛋白荧光峰的生源物质众多,具有复杂、丰富的饵料生物基础。4个人工增殖区中仿刺参前肠内含物 DOM荧光指数(f450/f500)范围为1.00~1.42,绝大多数接近于1.40,说明其DOM中的腐殖质主要来源于陆源输入,海区易受外源干扰,因此应对海区沉积物来源情况进行持续监测,保证人工增殖区能为海参增殖提供优质沉积物饵料。
이용자외-가견흡수광보법화삼유형광광보법연구료4개인공증식구중방자삼(Apostichopus japonicus)전장내함물용해유궤질(DOM)적광보특정,종DOM적래원여조성등방면대인공증식구방자삼이료배경상황진행평개。4개인공증식구방자삼전장내함물DOM적자외광보수거E3/E4범위위1.56~2.98； DOM적부식화정도、방향성급상대분자량평균치유고도저균의차위래주、쌍도、천아호、리도；각해구방자삼전장내함물DOM재280 nm자외가견흡광도치차이불현저(P<0.05),표명방자삼소섭식침적질중용해유궤탄(DOC)적상대함량차이불현저,4개자원증식구제공급방자삼 DOC 적능력상근。대방자삼전장내함물 DOM 적삼유형광광보소묘결과표명,소유 DOM적삼유형광광보도중균출현1개명현적단백형광봉,차봉치강도교고,설명연구구역가능형성단백형광봉적생원물질음다,구유복잡、봉부적이료생물기출。4개인공증식구중방자삼전장내함물 DOM형광지수(f450/f500)범위위1.00~1.42,절대다수접근우1.40,설명기DOM중적부식질주요래원우륙원수입,해구역수외원간우,인차응대해구침적물래원정황진행지속감측,보증인공증식구능위해삼증식제공우질침적물이료。
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is abundant in the marine environment, which is one of the largest reser-voirs of carbon on the Earth’s surface. DOM plays an important role in the biological chemistry cycles, mediating mate-rial flow and energy cycle of the artificial marine ranching ecosystem. In artificial marine ranching, the bottom and other sediments are the direct bait resources of the sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicas). Sediment coming from dif-ferent areas and origins will directly affect ingestion efficiency and digestibility. In the present study, UV-visible spec-troscopy (UV-VIS) and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (3DEEM) were used to investigate the fluorescence properties of DOM in the intestinal contents of A. japonicus from four different artificial marine ranches. The bait environmental conditions of the A. japonicus were evaluated based on the source and the DOM constituents in the intestinal contents. Spectroscopic characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were de-termined using ultraviolet absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy to investigate spatial distribution of DOM compo-sition. The results indicated that the value of E3/E4 ranged from 1.56 to 2.98, the mean value of the humification level, aromaticity and the relative molecular weight is Laizhou>Shuangdao>Swanlake>Lidao. The results suggested that the baits of A. japonicus from Laizhou sea area might contain more nitrogen and were more easily enzymatically digested than the baits from other three sea areas. Meanwhile, the baits of A. japonicas from the Lidao sea area may have a higher physiological and biodegradation activity. No significant difference of absorbency was observed at 280 nm, which suggested that A. japonicus has no preference for the dissolved oxygen content in the sediment. 3DEEM scan-ning indicated an obvious protein fluorescence peak in all images. The diverse sources of protein-like fluorescence in-dicated that these marine ranche shave diverse and complex diet resources. Overall, the value of f450/f500 ranged from 1.00 to 1.42, and was mostly close to 1.40. This may represent the humus in the DOM coming from terrigenous input, which suggested that the food in the marine ranch is influenced by the terrigenous input, and is easily affected by ex-ogenous disturbance. The baits of A. japonicas are complex and influenced by the environment. Any single resource from the environment cannot describe the constituents of the baits. The DOM extracted from the intestinal contents of A. japonicas provide an overview of the baits in the marine ranches. These results indicated that continuous monitoring of the marine sediment is important for ensuring good quality food sources for the precious marine species in artificial marine ranches.