西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版)
西北農林科技大學學報(社會科學版)
서북농림과기대학학보(사회과학판)
JOURNAL OF NORTHWEST SCI-TECH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY(SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION)
2014年
1期
56-63
,共8页
农地规模%农户%要素投入%营粮效率
農地規模%農戶%要素投入%營糧效率
농지규모%농호%요소투입%영량효솔
field scale%rural household%factor input%efficiency of managing grain
运用中部粮食主产区1861农户的追叙调查,动态分析了农地规模调适下不同类型农户的营粮行为及效率。结果表明:中部粮食主产区营粮农户的分布呈现以维稳户为主体而扩张户较少的偏正态分布;扩张户家庭人口规模、劳动力数及其平均受教育年限均高于缩减户与维稳户的平均水平;与此相对应,扩张户呈现总量投入高,单位土地面积上的资金与劳动力投入低,农业产出总量高的特征;从综合效率来看,扩张户与维稳户粮作经营的效率较高,而缩减户则较差,这并非主要缘于各类型户之间纯技术效率差异,而是取决于其间规模效率损失趋异。因而,优化农户营粮行为及提升其效率,保障国家粮食安全,需要从规模化、集约化、组织化上寻求突破。
運用中部糧食主產區1861農戶的追敘調查,動態分析瞭農地規模調適下不同類型農戶的營糧行為及效率。結果錶明:中部糧食主產區營糧農戶的分佈呈現以維穩戶為主體而擴張戶較少的偏正態分佈;擴張戶傢庭人口規模、勞動力數及其平均受教育年限均高于縮減戶與維穩戶的平均水平;與此相對應,擴張戶呈現總量投入高,單位土地麵積上的資金與勞動力投入低,農業產齣總量高的特徵;從綜閤效率來看,擴張戶與維穩戶糧作經營的效率較高,而縮減戶則較差,這併非主要緣于各類型戶之間純技術效率差異,而是取決于其間規模效率損失趨異。因而,優化農戶營糧行為及提升其效率,保障國傢糧食安全,需要從規模化、集約化、組織化上尋求突破。
운용중부양식주산구1861농호적추서조사,동태분석료농지규모조괄하불동류형농호적영량행위급효솔。결과표명:중부양식주산구영량농호적분포정현이유은호위주체이확장호교소적편정태분포;확장호가정인구규모、노동력수급기평균수교육년한균고우축감호여유은호적평균수평;여차상대응,확장호정현총량투입고,단위토지면적상적자금여노동력투입저,농업산출총량고적특정;종종합효솔래간,확장호여유은호량작경영적효솔교고,이축감호칙교차,저병비주요연우각류형호지간순기술효솔차이,이시취결우기간규모효솔손실추이。인이,우화농호영량행위급제승기효솔,보장국가양식안전,수요종규모화、집약화、조직화상심구돌파。
The data collected in a survey to 1861 rural households were used to study the behavior and efficien-cy of rural households in view of their grain planting area being adjusted .The results suggest :the distribution of central main grain-producing area is a partial normal distribution with the stabilizing households as the mainstay while the number of enlarging households is small .The number of family members ,the amount of labor force , and the average years of education in enlarging households are higher than those in reducing and stabilizing house -holds in average .On the corresponding ,the character of enlarging households is that :the total input is high ,the capital and labor input per unit area of land is low ,the agricultural production is high ,the productivity by unit of land and capital is low ,and the labor productivity is high and so on .Being judged by its overall efficiency ,the effi-ciency of enlarging and stabilizing households is higher than reducing households ’ ,it is not mainly owing to their difference in pure technological efficiency ,but due to their difference in scale efficiency .T herefore ,it needs to seek a breakthrough on scale management ,intensive management and systematization to improve the behavior and effi-ciency of rural households ,also to ensure China’s national grain safety .