CAJ | 학술논문

建立农地承包经营权退出机制，是我国城镇化进程中农村土地制度改革的重要内容。随着城镇化、工业化的快速发展，农村劳动力向城镇非农转移，农民群体逐渐分化，农民分化导致农民在土地产权认知、流转意愿、养老保障需求等方面产生巨大的差异，建立农地承包经营权退出机制、引导部分有条件的农户从农村有序退出成为我国城镇化健康发展的必然要求。农地承包经营权是农民作为农村集体经济组织成员而享有，它不仅仅是单纯的经济权力，更与成员身份紧密结合的社会保障权。建立农地承包经营权退出机制需要保障农民的自由选择权和土地权益的实现，重点是建立多样化的退出模式、经济补偿机制、社会保障机制和引力机制。
건립농지승포경영권퇴출궤제，시아국성진화진정중농촌토지제도개혁적중요내용。수착성진화、공업화적쾌속발전，농촌노동력향성진비농전이，농민군체축점분화，농민분화도치농민재토지산권인지、류전의원、양로보장수구등방면산생거대적차이，건립농지승포경영권퇴출궤제、인도부분유조건적농호종농촌유서퇴출성위아국성진화건강발전적필연요구。농지승포경영권시농민작위농촌집체경제조직성원이향유，타불부부시단순적경제권력，경여성원신빈긴밀결합적사회보장권。건립농지승포경영권퇴출궤제수요보장농민적자유선택권화토지권익적실현，중점시건립다양화적퇴출모식、경제보상궤제、사회보장궤제화인력궤제。
Establishment of exit mechanism for rural land contracting rights is an important content of the rural land system reform in the rapid urabanization process .With the rapid development of urbanization and industriali-zation ,the rural labor force transfer to non-agricultural towns ,the farmer groups gradually differentiate ,farmers differentiation brings great difference to the farmers ’land property right cognition ,circulation willings ,old-age se-curity need and ect .Establishment of exit mechanism for rural land contracting rights guides part conditional farm-ers exit orderly from the countryside ,which is the inevitable trend to accelerate health development of urbaniza-tion .Rural land contracting rights are enjoyed by farmers as rural collective economic organization members ,w hich is not only a simple economic power ,but also mainly a social security power .Establishment of exit mechanism for rural land contracting rights shuld focus on establishing diversified exit modes ,economic compensation mechanism , social guarantee mechanism and gravity mechanism . T he premise of such institutional innovation should be the fully protection of the farmers’ freedom of choice and land rights .