CAJ | 학술논문

针对水资源非完全市场化、主要以政府主导的定价情况，构建价格政策模拟模型，分析水价比价、差价及整体变动对国民经济和居民收入等指标的影响，为合理制定水价提供依据。基于一般均衡模型方法，利用GMAS软件，建立将水要素纳入到要素供给中、将水行业单独考虑的水价政策模拟模型，开展水价格政策模拟分析。以北京市为研究区开展实践应用，结果表明，在适当的调价范围内，水价提高和政府涉水补贴等政策对物价水平、经济增长、产业结构及居民生活水平影响不明显，但是对水生产供应企业影响意义重大。在水价偏低、水生产供应企业收支不平衡的情况下，水价提高可有效提高水生产供应企业收入，减少企业亏损状况；同时水价提高还可以有效降低水资源使用量，对缓解北京市水资源短缺、减少由于水资源过度开发导致的水资源耗减和水环境退化问题具有积极的作用。
침대수자원비완전시장화、주요이정부주도적정개정황，구건개격정책모의모형，분석수개비개、차개급정체변동대국민경제화거민수입등지표적영향，위합리제정수개제공의거。기우일반균형모형방법，이용GMAS연건，건립장수요소납입도요소공급중、장수행업단독고필적수개정책모의모형，개전수개격정책모의분석。이북경시위연구구개전실천응용，결과표명，재괄당적조개범위내，수개제고화정부섭수보첩등정책대물개수평、경제증장、산업결구급거민생활수평영향불명현，단시대수생산공응기업영향의의중대。재수개편저、수생산공응기업수지불평형적정황하，수개제고가유효제고수생산공응기업수입，감소기업우손상황；동시수개제고환가이유효강저수자원사용량，대완해북경시수자원단결、감소유우수자원과도개발도치적수자원모감화수배경퇴화문제구유적겁적작용。
Aiming at the situation of non-market pricing system of water resources, a general equilibrium model for water price policy simulation (WaGE) has been built up to analyze the influence on national economy variation and household income, etc. and to establish a reasonable water price. Based on general equilibrium theory, WaGE is able to analyze and simulate water price policy, involving water element in the element supply system and separating water related enterprises from industries. Taking Beijing as the re-search area to implement practical application, the results show that there is little influence on economic growth, industrial structure, and residents living level by appropriate water price rising and water related subsidy, while the positive effect on the water supply enterprise is significant. Under the circumstance of low water price and imbalance of water supply enterprises income and expenditure, improving water price could effectively enhance the income of water supply enterprises and reduce the water usage, which would take a positive role on reducing the depletion of water resources and water environmental degradation due to excessive development of water resources.