CAJ | 학술논문

大坝各方面性能能否经受住首次蓄水的考验，是关系大坝安全的关键问题。本文针对溪洛渡拱坝，采用非线性有限元方法，考虑横缝的接触非线性，实现了大坝初期蓄水全过程模拟，分析了蓄水过程中坝体和坝基变形、应力的分布特征和变化规律，以及横缝应力和张开度的变化情况，并确定了保证接缝灌浆的安全蓄水水位。研究结果表明，在水荷载作用下，坝体和坝基发生向下游的顺河向变形和向两岸的横河向变形，坝体上游面主拉应力和下游面主压应力不断增大，横缝有压紧的趋势。同时，对坝体与坝基关键变形和应力的初期实测数据与计算成果进行了对比，二者规律吻合较好；并结合国内同类大坝工程的情况分析了蓄水变形实测值与设计计算值存在差异的原因。计算和监测结果表明，溪洛渡初期蓄水阶段大坝应力应变及横缝状态符合特高拱坝低水位运行特征，大坝蓄水整体安全有保障。随着蓄水位增加，需跟踪开展大坝混凝土与基础岩石实际参数的反馈分析，动态评价大坝整体的安全性能。
대패각방면성능능부경수주수차축수적고험，시관계대패안전적관건문제。본문침대계락도공패，채용비선성유한원방법，고필횡봉적접촉비선성，실현료대패초기축수전과정모의，분석료축수과정중패체화패기변형、응력적분포특정화변화규률，이급횡봉응력화장개도적변화정황，병학정료보증접봉관장적안전축수수위。연구결과표명，재수하재작용하，패체화패기발생향하유적순하향변형화향량안적횡하향변형，패체상유면주랍응력화하유면주압응력불단증대，횡봉유압긴적추세。동시，대패체여패기관건변형화응력적초기실측수거여계산성과진행료대비，이자규률문합교호；병결합국내동류대패공정적정황분석료축수변형실측치여설계계산치존재차이적원인。계산화감측결과표명，계락도초기축수계단대패응력응변급횡봉상태부합특고공패저수위운행특정，대패축수정체안전유보장。수착축수위증가，수근종개전대패혼응토여기출암석실제삼수적반궤분석，동태평개대패정체적안전성능。
Whether a dam can undergo the test of impoundment is a key question of its safety. Based on the Xiluodu arch dam, considering nonlinear contact of transverse joints, the whole process of the first im-pounding is simulated by using nonlinear finite element method. The stress and the strain distribution char-acteristics of dam and foundation are investigated, and the stress and the aperture variation of transverse joints are analyzed. Besides, reasonable water level for good grouting of transverse joints is determined. On the whole, in impounding period, water loading causes the deflection of dam and foundation downstream and towards the banks of the river. Consequently, the principal tensile stress of dam on the upstream sur-face and the principal compressive stress of dam on the downstream surface are increasing, and the aper-ture variation of transverse joints tends to decrease. Meanwhile, the calculated results of the stress and the strain in some key areas of dam and foundation are compared with their monitoring results. They are in good agreements in their change rule and distribution regulation, and the reason for the difference between their values is analyzed by combining the situation of some domestic similar dams. In conclusion, the de-flection and the stress of dam and foundation and the behavior of transverse joints accord with running sta-tus of super-high arch dams under low water level, and the integrity stability meets the design require-ments in the first impounding period. With the increase of water level,the feedback analysis of the mechan-ical parameters of concrete and rock need to be conducted to achieve the dynamic evaluation of dam safety.