CAJ | 학술논문

CIMMYT（墨西哥国际玉米小麦改良中心）小麦多数携带成株慢锈基因，Pavon76和PBW343在田间对我国叶锈菌种表现为抗病，其可能携带有多个成株慢锈QTL位点。为了检测和定位Pavon76和PBW343中的成株慢锈QTL位点，以Pavon76和PBW343杂交、多次自交获得的包含有178个家系的重组自交系（RIL）群体为材料，将其种植在河北农业大学试验田和CIMMYT的Obregon小麦试验田，分别接种不同的小麦叶锈菌混合小种进行田间抗叶锈鉴定，获得群体的表现型数据，同时利用480个在亲本间有多态性的DArT（多样性序列芯片技术）标记检测178个家系，获得群体的基因型数据。结合表现型数据和基因型数据，利用MapManagerQTXb20和QTLIci-Mapping软件，进行复合区间作图法分析，在2个环境共检测到4个QTL位点。其中位于1BL染色体上来源于亲本Pavon76的QTL位点解释5．5％的表型变异，另外3个QTL位点都来源于亲本PBW343，其中的2个QTL位点位于1AL和2DL染色体上且只在墨西哥试验点检测到，分别解释7．0％和4．3％的表型变异，另外1个QTL位点只在保定试验点检测到，位于3AL染色体上，解释5．7％的表型变异。位于1A和3A染色体上的QTL可能为新的成株抗叶锈QTL，其丰富了现有的小麦成株慢锈基因库，与其紧密连锁的分子标记可以用于标记辅助育种、培育持久抗病品种。
CIMMYT（묵서가국제옥미소맥개량중심）소맥다수휴대성주만수기인，Pavon76화PBW343재전간대아국협수균충표현위항병，기가능휴대유다개성주만수QTL위점。위료검측화정위Pavon76화PBW343중적성주만수QTL위점，이Pavon76화PBW343잡교、다차자교획득적포함유178개가계적중조자교계（RIL）군체위재료，장기충식재하북농업대학시험전화CIMMYT적Obregon소맥시험전，분별접충불동적소맥협수균혼합소충진행전간항협수감정，획득군체적표현형수거，동시이용480개재친본간유다태성적DArT（다양성서렬심편기술）표기검측178개가계，획득군체적기인형수거。결합표현형수거화기인형수거，이용MapManagerQTXb20화QTLIci-Mapping연건，진행복합구간작도법분석，재2개배경공검측도4개QTL위점。기중위우1BL염색체상래원우친본Pavon76적QTL위점해석5．5％적표형변이，령외3개QTL위점도래원우친본PBW343，기중적2개QTL위점위우1AL화2DL염색체상차지재묵서가시험점검측도，분별해석7．0％화4．3％적표형변이，령외1개QTL위점지재보정시험점검측도，위우3AL염색체상，해석5．7％적표형변이。위우1A화3A염색체상적QTL가능위신적성주항협수QTL，기봉부료현유적소맥성주만수기인고，여기긴밀련쇄적분자표기가이용우표기보조육충、배육지구항병품충。
Most of CIMMTY wheat lines carry adult-plant slow rusting genes .Pavon 76 and PBW 343 show high resistance to Chinese Puccinia triticina pathotypes in the field and may carry several slow rusting genes .A total of 178 recombinant inbred lines (RILs)derived from the cross Pavon 76 and PBW 343 were planted in Agricultural University of Hebei and Obregon ,CIMMYT to score disease severity for leaf rust with mixed Puccinia triticina pathotypes of China and Mexico ,respectively .A total of 480 DarT markers with polymorphism between parents were used to test 178 RILs of the population for making genetic map .Phenotype data and genotype data were used to map slow rusting QTLs in the population by softwares Map Manager QTXb20 and QTL IciMapping with composite interval mapping strategy .The results showed that 4 adult-plant resistance QTLs were identified in two environments .One QTL located on 1BL deriving from Pavon 76 explained 5 .5% of the phenotypic variance .Two QTLs on 1AL and 2DL deriving from PBW 343 were detected in Mexico and explained 7 .0% and 4 .3% of the phenotypic variance ,re-spectively .The last QTL on 3AL deriving from PBW 343 was detected in Baoding and explained 5 .7% of phenotypic variance .The QTLs on 1A and 3A might be new adult-plant resistance QTLs to w heat leaf rust ,w hich enriched the w heat slow rusting gene pool ,and their closely linked mak-ers could be used for maker-assisted breeding of durable resistant cultivars .