CAJ | 학술논문

探明矿山废水持续污染与稻田土中主要营养元素迁移转化及氮循环的关系，为其潜在风险评价提供参考，通过实验室方法研究不同浓度矿山废水污染对稻田土壤中 pH、氧化还原电位、电导率、铁离子、总氮、氨氮、硝态氮和亚硝态氮含量的影响。结果表明：1）矿山废水持续污染可使稻田土壤的 pH、总氮含量和亚硝酸盐含量显著下降，氧化还原电位、电导率、Fe含量、氨氮含量和硝酸盐含量显著升高。2）矿山废水中的硫铁细菌微生物对稻田土壤的理化特性与氮形态转化可起到一定作用，灭菌处理的矿山废水可显著降低稻田土壤氮的损失，提高土壤氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮含量，显著抑制硝化作用，使稻田土壤的硝态氮处于较低水平。3）矿山废水污染可直接或间接地造成稻田土的总氮损失达显著水平（r＝-0．751，p＝0．02），极显著增加氨氮（r＝0．888，p＝0．001）含量和极显著降低亚硝酸盐氮（r＝-0．937，p＝0．000）含量，显著增加硝酸盐氮（r＝0．792，p＝0．011）含量。因此，矿山废水持续污染可对稻田的理化性质产生显著影响，使稻田土壤中的氨氮和亚硝态氮含量增加，硝态氮及总氮含量降低。
탐명광산폐수지속오염여도전토중주요영양원소천이전화급담순배적관계，위기잠재풍험평개제공삼고，통과실험실방법연구불동농도광산폐수오염대도전토양중 pH、양화환원전위、전도솔、철리자、총담、안담、초태담화아초태담함량적영향。결과표명：1）광산폐수지속오염가사도전토양적 pH、총담함량화아초산염함량현저하강，양화환원전위、전도솔、Fe함량、안담함량화초산염함량현저승고。2）광산폐수중적류철세균미생물대도전토양적이화특성여담형태전화가기도일정작용，멸균처리적광산폐수가현저강저도전토양담적손실，제고토양안담、아초산염담함량，현저억제초화작용，사도전토양적초태담처우교저수평。3）광산폐수오염가직접혹간접지조성도전토적총담손실체현저수평（r＝-0．751，p＝0．02），겁현저증가안담（r＝0．888，p＝0．001）함량화겁현저강저아초산염담（r＝-0．937，p＝0．000）함량，현저증가초산염담（r＝0．792，p＝0．011）함량。인차，광산폐수지속오염가대도전적이화성질산생현저영향，사도전토양중적안담화아초태담함량증가，초태담급총담함량강저。
To investigate the impact of acid mine drainage (AMD)persistent pollution on the migration and transformation of main nutrients and the nitrogen cycle in rice paddy agriculture ecosystem and provide a reference for the potential risk evaluation,a simulated rice paddies pollution experiment was carried to identify the comprehensive physiochemical characteristics (pH, EC, Eh etc ) and also analyzed the variations trend of total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen in paddy soil polluted by AMD. The results showed that AMD persistent pollution had a significant impact on comprehensive index of paddy soil such as pH,conductivity and redox potential ,directly or indirectly caused obvious loss of total N (r=-0.751,p= 0.02),significantly increased the contents of ammonium nitrogen(r = 0.888,p = 0.001),nitrate nitrogen (r = 0.792,p = 0.011),while significantly decreased the contents of nitrite nitrogen (r=-0.937,p= 0.000).In addition,the experiment of AMD sterilization treatment showed that sulfur iron bacteria and other microorganisms of AMD played a role on the physiochemical properties and the conversions of the nitrogen forms of paddy soil.The sterilization treatment could significantly reduce the loss of nitrogen in paddy soil, improve the concentration of ammonia and nitrite nitrogen,significantly inhibit the nitrification,and kept nitrate nitrogen at a very low level.It showed that AMD persistent pollution had a significant impact on environment characteristic of rice field and it directly or indirectly affected the contents of ammonia,nitrate,nitrite nitrogen and total nitrogen.