CAJ | 학술논문

为了摸清瓮安县褐家鼠种群数量的消长动态及种群繁殖特征的变化规律，为其种群数量预测预报和防治提供科学依据，对贵州省瓮安县1996-2012年褐家鼠种群生态特征进行分析。结果表明：褐家鼠主要分布于住宅区，是瓮安县住宅区害鼠优势种，占总鼠数的63．10％。研究期间共捕获褐家鼠448只（雌鼠197只，雄鼠251只），种群总性比（♀/♂）为0．78，多年平均捕获率为1．36％，平均怀孕率为36．55％，平均胎仔数为5．92只，平均繁殖指数为0．95，平均睾丸下降率为57．77％；不同月份、不同季节之间褐家鼠的种群数量和种群繁殖特征具有明显差异，每年在3月、6月、9月出现3个种群数量高峰，在3-4月和9-10月出现2个种群繁殖高峰期，春秋两季是褐家鼠的主要繁殖季节。每年3月和8月为最佳防治时期。
위료모청옹안현갈가서충군수량적소장동태급충군번식특정적변화규률，위기충군수량예측예보화방치제공과학의거，대귀주성옹안현1996-2012년갈가서충군생태특정진행분석。결과표명：갈가서주요분포우주택구，시옹안현주택구해서우세충，점총서수적63．10％。연구기간공포획갈가서448지（자서197지，웅서251지），충군총성비（♀/♂）위0．78，다년평균포획솔위1．36％，평균부잉솔위36．55％，평균태자수위5．92지，평균번식지수위0．95，평균고환하강솔위57．77％；불동월빈、불동계절지간갈가서적충군수량화충군번식특정구유명현차이，매년재3월、6월、9월출현3개충군수량고봉，재3-4월화9-10월출현2개충군번식고봉기，춘추량계시갈가서적주요번식계절。매년3월화8월위최가방치시기。
The population ecological characteristics of R.norvegicus in Weng ’an County during 1996-2012 were analyzed to explore the growth and decline dynamics of R.norvegicus population quantity and the change law of population reproductive characteristics. The results showed that R.norvegicus distributed mainly in residential areas,residential areas were the dominant species in Weng’ an County, 63.10% of the total number. During the study period a total of capture were 448 R.norvegicus (197 female rats,251 male rats),the population sex ratio (female/male)was 0.78,the average capture rate was 1 .3 6%,the average pregnancy rate was 3 6 .5 5%,the average litter size was 5.92,the average reproductive index was 0.95,the average rate of testis was 57.77%;between the different months,different seasonal populations and population reproduction characteristics were different, there were three population peaked in March,June,September of every year,two reproductive peak appeared in March~April and September~October,spring and autumn were the main breeding season each year and March and August were the optimal control period.