CAJ | 학술논문

鸡蛋作为一个生命体，呼吸作用是其产后重要的生理活动，也是影响鸡蛋贮运效果的重要因素，研究鸡蛋氧呼吸规律对其贮藏保鲜意义重大。该文应用非损伤微测技术，搭建特有的微测试验平台，实时监测鸡蛋与外界微环境的O2交换速率以及交换强度。通过预试验选定探针与鸡蛋表面的最佳距离为50μm，选定鸡蛋最佳测试位置为钝端。试验选取一天中的4个时间点（6：00，12：00，18：00，24：00）来测试鸡蛋O2呼吸，借以研究鸡蛋在一天不同时间点的氧呼吸强弱；另外在每天同一时间点测试鸡蛋 O2流速，连续测一个月，来研究鸡蛋贮藏期间的氧呼吸变化规律。试验发现：一天中鸡蛋的氧呼吸存在凌晨高下午低的规律性，无论是受精蛋还是非受精蛋，在每天的不同时间点呼吸强度有差异，受精蛋比非受精蛋的生命活动及新陈代谢变化更强烈，昼夜呼吸差异显著；一个月中，鸡蛋在贮期会产生2次呼吸峰值，分别出现在质变的转折点，并且第2次的峰值明显高于第1次的峰值。试验结果表明鸡蛋存在自身特有呼吸规律，生命代谢活动强时其对应氧呼吸活动也强，反之则弱；刚产下的鸡蛋的呼吸较为活跃。该研究可为如何优化贮藏条件以及提高种蛋的孵化率提供参考。
계단작위일개생명체，호흡작용시기산후중요적생리활동，야시영향계단저운효과적중요인소，연구계단양호흡규률대기저장보선의의중대。해문응용비손상미측기술，탑건특유적미측시험평태，실시감측계단여외계미배경적O2교환속솔이급교환강도。통과예시험선정탐침여계단표면적최가거리위50μm，선정계단최가측시위치위둔단。시험선취일천중적4개시간점（6：00，12：00，18：00，24：00）래측시계단O2호흡，차이연구계단재일천불동시간점적양호흡강약；령외재매천동일시간점측시계단 O2류속，련속측일개월，래연구계단저장기간적양호흡변화규률。시험발현：일천중계단적양호흡존재릉신고하오저적규률성，무론시수정단환시비수정단，재매천적불동시간점호흡강도유차이，수정단비비수정단적생명활동급신진대사변화경강렬，주야호흡차이현저；일개월중，계단재저기회산생2차호흡봉치，분별출현재질변적전절점，병차제2차적봉치명현고우제1차적봉치。시험결과표명계단존재자신특유호흡규률，생명대사활동강시기대응양호흡활동야강，반지칙약；강산하적계단적호흡교위활약。해연구가위여하우화저장조건이급제고충단적부화솔제공삼고。
Breathing is an important physiological activity of egg as a living organism, and it has a great influence on its storage, conveyance and incubation. Therefore, it is of great significance to study egg’s breathing regularity and respiration intensity in a day and during its storage time in a month. In this paper, non-invasive micro-test technique (NMT) was used to real-time monitor O2 flux passing in and out the eggs through the eggshell and study the breathing regularity and the respiration intensity of the eggs. With this method, gas exchange (O2) was measured and it was confirmed that breathing indeed exists. In order to study egg’s respiration in a day, a customized micro-testing examination platform was constructed for the real-time monitoring of the intensity and rate of oxygen exchange between an egg and its external environment at 4 time points (6:00, 12:00, 18:00, and 24:00). On the other hand, egg’s O2 flux was measured at the same time in a day during a month as to seeking for breathing regularity in its storage time. It was indicated that the optimal distance of probe towards the egg surface was 50μm and the blunt end of the egg was selected as the optimum measurement location via the pre-experiment. The results show that there are three breathing patterns of eggs, consuming O2, exhaust O2, and both including consuming and exhausting O2. After group A testing, it is concluded that both fertilized and non-fertilized eggs breathe strong at dawn and weak at noon regularly in a day and the respiration intensity of the two types of eggs perform difference at different time points. Fertilized eggs have more active physical activity and the process of metabolism than those of non-fertilized ones. Fertilized egg respiration shows significant difference (P<0.05) at noon and dawn in a day, but non-fertilized egg does not. In addition, after group B testing, it is intended that during storage time in a month, there exists two breathing peaks in its storage period in a month, and each peak appears at the eggs quality changing time. The second peak value exceeds the first peak value. It reveals that there’s a unique breathing pattern of eggs that O2 respiration rate is high when life metabolism is active, and low when life metabolism is negative. Eggs laid lately are breathing relatively positive. This study can provide a reference for optimizing storage conditions, improving the hatchability of fertilized eggs and hatching egg embryo in further research.