CAJ | 학술논문

为了探讨芦荟粗提物对苹果采后抗灰霉病的效果及其机理。该试验将供试苹果分别用类黄酮质量浓度为0.020，0.035，0.050 g/L的芦荟粗提物浸泡5 min，常温下(23±1)℃放置2 d后，接种灰葡萄孢孢子悬浮液,以清水浸泡作为对照。结果表明：芦荟粗提物可显著降低果实灰霉病的发生率(P<0.05)，抑制病斑直径的扩展。经过4d的贮藏，类黄酮质量浓度为0.035和0.050 g/L的芦荟粗提物处理的苹果发病率分别为73%和53%，显著低于对照处理（93%）。芦荟粗提物处理能诱导红富士苹果果实的过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶、苯丙氨酸解氨酶、几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性的提高，诱导酚类物质的合成，增强果实的抗病性。其中以类黄酮质量浓度为0.050 g/L的芦荟粗提物处理效果较好，与对照差异显著(P<0.05)；当类黄酮质量浓度大于0.050 g/L时，杀菌效果仍可增强，但会在果实上表面留下残留物。该研究结果也可为其他水果采后病害的防治研究提供参考。
위료탐토호회조제물대평과채후항회매병적효과급기궤리。해시험장공시평과분별용류황동질량농도위0.020，0.035，0.050 g/L적호회조제물침포5 min，상온하(23±1)℃방치2 d후，접충회포도포포자현부액,이청수침포작위대조。결과표명：호회조제물가현저강저과실회매병적발생솔(P<0.05)，억제병반직경적확전。경과4d적저장，류황동질량농도위0.035화0.050 g/L적호회조제물처리적평과발병솔분별위73%화53%，현저저우대조처리（93%）。호회조제물처리능유도홍부사평과과실적과양화물매、다분양화매、분병안산해안매、궤정질매、β-1,3-포취당매활성적제고，유도분류물질적합성，증강과실적항병성。기중이류황동질량농도위0.050 g/L적호회조제물처리효과교호，여대조차이현저(P<0.05)；당류황동질량농도대우0.050 g/L시，살균효과잉가증강，단회재과실상표면류하잔류물。해연구결과야가위기타수과채후병해적방치연구제공삼고。
Currently, there is an increasing interest in the use of Aloe Vera in the food industry, with it being used as a source of functional foods in drinks, beverages, and ice creams. In addition, there are several reports about the antifungal activity of Aloe Vera on human mycological diseases. However, little evidence exists on the effect of Aloe extracts on fruit postharvest diseases caused by fungi, either ex-vivo or in vitro. In recent years, there have been some reports on the effect of Aloe extracts applied at postharvest in controlling fruit spoilage by fungi. However, no in-depth information has been reported on the role of Aloe extracts in decay development in fruits previously inoculated with fungi responsible for postharvest diseases or defense-related enzyme activities and modulation of antioxidant system activities. Thus, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the protective effects of Aloe extracts on Red Fuji apple fruit decay caused by Botrytis cinerea, as well as the effect of Aloe extracts on the disease resistance ability in Red Fuji apple fruit. In order to search for an alternative to synthetic fungicides for the control of the postharvest decay of Red Fuji apple fruits, the potential of using Aloe extract flavonoid for the control of postharvest gray mold incidence of Red Fuji apple fruits was investigated. Red Fuji apple fruits were disinfected with 75%(v/v) ethanol for 2 min., rinsed with tap water, air-dried, and then divided randomly into four treatment groups, with 140 fruit in each group. Three groups were dipped into 0.020, 0.035 and 0.050 g/mL Aloe extract flavonoid solutions for 5 min. at room temperature (23±1)℃. Another group (the control) was treated with distilled water. A uniform wound (4mm deep×3 mm wide) was made at the equator of each fruit using a sterile dissecting needle, followed by the inoculation of a20μL conidial suspension of B.cinerea (1×108spores/mL) into each wound site. Inoculated fruit were placed in covered plastic boxes with small holes, and stored at (23±1)℃and RH 85%-90%. The diameters of lesions caused by B.cinerea in the apple fruit were recorded each day after inoculation, and each treatment had three replicates. The remaining fruit with inoculations were used for determination of physio-biochemical parameters. The results showed that Aloe extract flavonoid significantly decreased the incidence of gray mold rot in Red Fuji apple fruits, and effectively suppressed the expansion of lesions in vivo. After four-day storage, the gray mold rot incidence of Red Fuji apple fruits that were treated with the concentration of Aloe extract flavonoid (0.035 g/L, 0.050 mg/L) was 73%and 53%respectively, which was significantly lower than that of the control (93%). Concurrently, Aloe extract flavonoid increased the activity of peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia enzyme (PAL), chitinase (CHT), andβ-1,3-glucanase (GLU). Phenolics content also increased significantly. These results indicated that increased disease resistance of Red Fuji apple fruit after Aloe extract flavonoid treatment during storage might be attributed to an elicitation of defense response involving the enhancement of defense-related enzyme activities and the modulation of antioxidant system activities.