CAJ | 학술논문

科学分析评价土地整治空间分异格局特征，对促进土地整治科学决策具有重要理论和实践意义。该文以县域为研究单元，利用湖北省1999-2010年土地整治项目数据，采用标准差指数、变异系数和空间自相关分析对湖北省土地整治项目在时间、空间、自相关3个方面的差异进行了实证研究。研究结果表明：湖北省土地整治项目增长迅猛，投资规模和建设规模呈现波浪式上升的特点，新增耕地规模从2008年开始所有回落，土地整治项目个数逐年递增；土地整治投资规模和建设规模都呈现中部高，东、西两端低的特点，新增耕地规模在中部地区较高，土地整治项目个数的空间分布较为零散；各区县土地整治绝对差异呈扩大趋势，绝对规模呈增加趋势，相对差异呈现减小、均衡化趋势；土地整治项目格局呈现出较强的空间自相关特征，且正扩散效益逐步显现。在此基础上深入分析了土地整治项目空间异质性特征，建议湖北省未来5～10 a应继续坚持以农用地整治为重点。
과학분석평개토지정치공간분이격국특정，대촉진토지정치과학결책구유중요이론화실천의의。해문이현역위연구단원，이용호북성1999-2010년토지정치항목수거，채용표준차지수、변이계수화공간자상관분석대호북성토지정치항목재시간、공간、자상관3개방면적차이진행료실증연구。연구결과표명：호북성토지정치항목증장신맹，투자규모화건설규모정현파랑식상승적특점，신증경지규모종2008년개시소유회락，토지정치항목개수축년체증；토지정치투자규모화건설규모도정현중부고，동、서량단저적특점，신증경지규모재중부지구교고，토지정치항목개수적공간분포교위령산；각구현토지정치절대차이정확대추세，절대규모정증가추세，상대차이정현감소、균형화추세；토지정치항목격국정현출교강적공간자상관특정，차정확산효익축보현현。재차기출상심입분석료토지정치항목공간이질성특정，건의호북성미래5～10 a응계속견지이농용지정치위중점。
Analyzing and evaluating spatial pattern and the spatial disparity of land consolidation projects scientifically is of great theoretical and practical value for improving land consolidation scientific decision-making. Based on the data of the land consolidation projects from 1999 to 2010 at the district or county-level in Hubei Province, this article explores empirically land consolidation differences in time, space, and autocorrelation with four indexes:land consolidation investment scale, land consolidation construction scale, the newly-added cultivated land area, and the number of land consolidation projects. The spatial disparity of land consolidation projects was studied with the methods of the standard deviation index, the coefficient of variation, and a spatial autocorrelation analysis. The conclusions can be summarized as following:(1) Utilizing the data of land consolidation projects every year in Hubei Province, we find that land consolidation projects grow rapidly in Hubei Province and land consolidation investment scale and land consolidation construction scale showed a rising trend in the wave-like characteristics. The scale of the newly-added cultivated land area increased from 1999 to 2008 and started to fall since 2008. The number of land consolidation projects increased year by year. Utilizing the data of land consolidation projects data in each space unit, we found that land consolidation investment scale and land consolidation construction scale were present in large scale in the middle of Hubei Province, and in small scale in the east and west ends. The scale of the newly-added cultivated land area also showed a high value in the middle area. The spatial pattern of the number of land consolidation projects was scattered and ruleless. (2) By calculating the standard deviation index and the coefficient of variation of land consolidation projects by year, we found that the absolute difference of land consolidation projects among each district or county showed an expansion trend from 1999 to 2010, and that the absolute scale of land consolidation projects among each district or county showed a pronounced increasing tendency, and the relative difference showed a decreasing tendency, which indicated a balanced development trend among each district or county. (3) With the of calculating Moran’s I and local Moran’s I in three time periods (1999-2010, 1999-2005 and 2006-2010), we found that the spatial patterns of land consolidation projects showed strong spatial autocorrelation characteristics and that spatial autocorrelation was becoming stronger. We also found that the spatial patterns of the LISA maps showed similar characteristics as the distribution of cultivated lands and fit in with the key construction direction of important land consolidation projects in Hubei Province. The patterns of the LISA maps of land consolidation investment scale and land consolidation construction scale were developing and becoming steady. The patterns of the LISA maps of the newly-added cultivated land area and the number of land consolidation projects were changing greatly. (4) Based on the previous analysis, we suggested that Hubei should continue to insist on focusing on farmland rearrangement in the future 5-10 a. The central plain area of Hubei Province should continue to insist on focusing on the high criterion basic farmland construction, that the east and southeast area of Hubei Province should advance the low-hilly land construction, that western Hubei Province should promote a slope cropland renovation project, and that north Hubei Province should put particular emphasis on the mid-low yield land construction and the low-hilly land construction.