CAJ | 학술논문

亚/超临界水具有独特理化特性，如能高效溶解、快速传质及有效打断高分子碳链，使得亚/超临界水液化成为有机质制油的高效手段。本文总结了典型有机质如纤维素、木质素、藻类、煤及聚合物亚/超临界水液化的过程，概述了其亚/超临界水液化特点及产物油特征，并阐明了液化过程机理，总结了裂解/热解反应、杂原子脱出反应、缩聚反应等关键反应；针对液化油升级及脱除杂质技术，总结了均相催化剂如 H3PO4、K2CO3、KOH等的催化特点及机理，分析了非均相催化剂如Ni、Mo、Pt等提高油品质的催化技术特点及目前对杂元素氧、氮、硫等脱氧脱除技术研究概况。最后对亚/超临界水液化初油存在品质不高、含多种杂原子等问题及如何提高初油、脱除杂原子技术研究进行了总结，并展望了工业放大过程中的瓶颈与策略，为未来工业运用提供基础。
아/초림계수구유독특이화특성，여능고효용해、쾌속전질급유효타단고분자탄련，사득아/초림계수액화성위유궤질제유적고효수단。본문총결료전형유궤질여섬유소、목질소、조류、매급취합물아/초림계수액화적과정，개술료기아/초림계수액화특점급산물유특정，병천명료액화과정궤리，총결료렬해/열해반응、잡원자탈출반응、축취반응등관건반응；침대액화유승급급탈제잡질기술，총결료균상최화제여 H3PO4、K2CO3、KOH등적최화특점급궤리，분석료비균상최화제여Ni、Mo、Pt등제고유품질적최화기술특점급목전대잡원소양、담、류등탈양탈제기술연구개황。최후대아/초림계수액화초유존재품질불고、함다충잡원자등문제급여하제고초유、탈제잡원자기술연구진행료총결，병전망료공업방대과정중적병경여책략，위미래공업운용제공기출。
Sub/supercritical water has unique physical and chemical properties,such as higher solubility,rapid diffusion and efficiency of C-C cleavage,making its use an effective way of liquefaction of organics to produce fuel. In this work SCW liquefaction of several typical organics, such as cellulose,lignin,algae,coal,and polymer was analyzed and the products from those processes were summarized. Additionally,the mechanisms of SCW liquefaction were clarified and key reactions (hydrolysis,prolapse heteroatom and polycondensation)were presented. For further understanding of fuel product upgrading,deoxygenating and hydrogenating technologies,the mechanisms and features of homogeneous catalyst,such as H3PO4,K2CO3,KOH and heterogeneous catalysts,such as Ni, Mo,Pt were also analyzed and summarized. Finally,the shortcomings,such low quality and presence of hetero elements of the current SCW liquefaction technology and the means for upgrading were presented. The bottlenecks and strategies of scale-up were proposed,providing a basis for future application.