CAJ | 학술논문

目的：考察不同社会经济地位老年人的健康公平情况，为提高老年人健康、促进健康公平提供依据。方法：利用中国健康与养老追踪调查2011-2012年的数据，计算集中指数，分析不同社会经济地位老年人的健康公平。结果：自评健康不良和日常生活活动能力（ADL）受损呈现反向的社会经济梯度，经济水平越低，自评健康不良率和ADL受损率越高，未就诊率、未住院率越高；教育程度越低，未就诊率和未住院率越高；城市老年人的健康状况和卫生服务利用高于农村老年人，东部老年人的健康状况和卫生服务利用高于西部老年人。结论：不同社会经济地位的老年人存在健康不公平。要完善老年人的医疗保险和医疗救助制度，卫生资源的配置向农村和西部地区倾斜，缩小城乡、地区差距，促进老年人健康公平。
목적：고찰불동사회경제지위노년인적건강공평정황，위제고노년인건강、촉진건강공평제공의거。방법：이용중국건강여양로추종조사2011-2012년적수거，계산집중지수，분석불동사회경제지위노년인적건강공평。결과：자평건강불량화일상생활활동능력（ADL）수손정현반향적사회경제제도，경제수평월저，자평건강불량솔화ADL수손솔월고，미취진솔、미주원솔월고；교육정도월저，미취진솔화미주원솔월고；성시노년인적건강상황화위생복무이용고우농촌노년인，동부노년인적건강상황화위생복무이용고우서부노년인。결론：불동사회경제지위적노년인존재건강불공평。요완선노년인적의료보험화의료구조제도，위생자원적배치향농촌화서부지구경사，축소성향、지구차거，촉진노년인건강공평。
Objective: To investigate health equity status of the elderly with different socioeconomic status(SES)and provide basis for health promotion. Methods:The data of 2011-2012 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey was used to analyze health equity of the elderly with different SES. Results: There is an inverse socioeconomic gradient in self-evaluation of ill health and the prevalence of activity of daily living (ADL). The lower economic level is, the higher self-evaluation of ill health and the damage rate of ADL are, and the higher non-outpatient rate and non-hospitalization rate are; the urban elderly have better health and use more health services and the elderly in eastern region have better health and use more health services than those in eastern region. Conclusion: There is the health inequity for the elderly with different SES. In order to implement the health care insurance and medical assistance system of the elderly, it needs to allocate health resources to rural and western areas, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and improve the health level of the elderly.