中国血吸虫病防治杂志
中國血吸蟲病防治雜誌
중국혈흡충병방치잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL
2014年
1期
9-12
,共4页
彭孝武%荣先兵%李明炎%张华明%刘恒武%王加松%刘雄%张霞%陈美%崔彩霞%董娟%郭舒
彭孝武%榮先兵%李明炎%張華明%劉恆武%王加鬆%劉雄%張霞%陳美%崔綵霞%董娟%郭舒
팽효무%영선병%리명염%장화명%류항무%왕가송%류웅%장하%진미%최채하%동연%곽서
钉螺%分类定级%有螺环境%垸内%湖沼地区
釘螺%分類定級%有螺環境%垸內%湖沼地區
정라%분류정급%유라배경%완내%호소지구
Oncomelania hupensis%Classification and grading%Environment with snail%Inside embankment%Marshland and lake area
目的：对湖沼地区垸内有螺环境进行分类定级，以提高查螺工作效率，实现有螺环境分类管理。方法选择湖北省湖沼型血吸虫病流行区江陵县廖堤村和熊堤村为试验村，对其有螺环境按500 m为段进行分段，采用系统抽样法，以50 m和10 m设框分别对两村进行调查。按是否发现感染性螺点、有无野粪污染对有螺环境进行分类，统计两村各类有螺环境处数及面积。收集荆州市近5年来感染性螺点数据，按钉螺平均密度对有螺环境进行分级，探索有螺环境级别与感染性螺点数和有螺框出现率之间的关系。结果荆州市近5年来共有1967处感染性螺点，有螺环境级别与有螺框出现率呈正相关关系（rs=0.77，P＜0.01），有螺环境为5级时，感染性螺点数构成比为3.1%，有螺环境为2～3级，感染性螺点数构成比达56.3%。两试验村共有39处有螺环境，1、2、3类环境分别为1、18、20处，面积分别为1080、51640、41220 m2。50 m设框与10 m设框查出的有螺环境分级差异无统计学意义（χ2＝4.667，P＞0.05），但后者查螺用时约为前者的3倍。结论对垸内有螺环境采用分类定级的查螺模式，可掌握查灭螺重点。分段定框查螺可节省查螺时间和人力资源，提高工作效率，同时也可掌握有螺环境的螺情分布现状，从而有利于实现对垸内有螺环境分类管理。
目的：對湖沼地區垸內有螺環境進行分類定級，以提高查螺工作效率，實現有螺環境分類管理。方法選擇湖北省湖沼型血吸蟲病流行區江陵縣廖隄村和熊隄村為試驗村，對其有螺環境按500 m為段進行分段，採用繫統抽樣法，以50 m和10 m設框分彆對兩村進行調查。按是否髮現感染性螺點、有無野糞汙染對有螺環境進行分類，統計兩村各類有螺環境處數及麵積。收集荊州市近5年來感染性螺點數據，按釘螺平均密度對有螺環境進行分級，探索有螺環境級彆與感染性螺點數和有螺框齣現率之間的關繫。結果荊州市近5年來共有1967處感染性螺點，有螺環境級彆與有螺框齣現率呈正相關關繫（rs=0.77，P＜0.01），有螺環境為5級時，感染性螺點數構成比為3.1%，有螺環境為2～3級，感染性螺點數構成比達56.3%。兩試驗村共有39處有螺環境，1、2、3類環境分彆為1、18、20處，麵積分彆為1080、51640、41220 m2。50 m設框與10 m設框查齣的有螺環境分級差異無統計學意義（χ2＝4.667，P＞0.05），但後者查螺用時約為前者的3倍。結論對垸內有螺環境採用分類定級的查螺模式，可掌握查滅螺重點。分段定框查螺可節省查螺時間和人力資源，提高工作效率，同時也可掌握有螺環境的螺情分佈現狀，從而有利于實現對垸內有螺環境分類管理。
목적：대호소지구완내유라배경진행분류정급，이제고사라공작효솔，실현유라배경분류관리。방법선택호북성호소형혈흡충병류행구강릉현료제촌화웅제촌위시험촌，대기유라배경안500 m위단진행분단，채용계통추양법，이50 m화10 m설광분별대량촌진행조사。안시부발현감염성라점、유무야분오염대유라배경진행분류，통계량촌각류유라배경처수급면적。수집형주시근5년래감염성라점수거，안정라평균밀도대유라배경진행분급，탐색유라배경급별여감염성라점수화유라광출현솔지간적관계。결과형주시근5년래공유1967처감염성라점，유라배경급별여유라광출현솔정정상관관계（rs=0.77，P＜0.01），유라배경위5급시，감염성라점수구성비위3.1%，유라배경위2～3급，감염성라점수구성비체56.3%。량시험촌공유39처유라배경，1、2、3류배경분별위1、18、20처，면적분별위1080、51640、41220 m2。50 m설광여10 m설광사출적유라배경분급차이무통계학의의（χ2＝4.667，P＞0.05），단후자사라용시약위전자적3배。결론대완내유라배경채용분류정급적사라모식，가장악사멸라중점。분단정광사라가절성사라시간화인력자원，제고공작효솔，동시야가장악유라배경적라정분포현상，종이유리우실현대완내유라배경분류관리。
Objective To classify and grade the environments with Oncomelania hupensis snails inside embankment in marsh-land and lake areas,so as to improve the work efficiency and realize the systematic management. Methods The schistosomiasis endemic area Liaodi and Xiongdi villages in Jiangling County,Hubei Province were selected as the experiment villages,and the environments with snails in the two villages were divided into sections with a length of 500m,then the snail situation were sur-veyed by the systematic sampling method with 10m and 50m a frame respectively. The environments were classified according to the discovery of infected snails and wild fecal contamination,and the numbers of sites with snails and their areas in different class-es were recorded. Meanwhile,the data of sites with infected snails in Jingzhou City during the recent 5 years were collected and graded according to the average density of snails,so as to discuss the correlativity between the grades of environments with snails and the numbers of sites with infected snails and the occurrence rate of frames with snails. Results There were 1 967 sites with in-fected snails in Jingzhou City during the recent 5 years,and there was a positive correlation between the grades of environments with snails and the occurrence rate of frames with snails(rs=0.77,P<0.01),when the grade was 5,the constituent ratio of num-bers of sites with infected snails was 3.1%,and when the grade was 2-3,the ratio raised to 56.3%. There were 39 sites with snails in the two villages,the Class 1,2 and 3 environments included 1,18 and 20 sites,with the areas of 1 080,51 640 m2 and 41 220 m2 , respectively. There were no statistically significant difference between the grades divided by snail survey with 10m and 50m a frame(χ2=4.667,P>0.05),but the time-consuming of the former was 3 times of the latter. Conclusions The classification and grading of the environments with snails inside embankment in marshland and lake areas can master the key point of the snail survey. The subsection and setting frames at a suitable distance can save time and manpower,improve work efficiency,as well as understand the distribution of snail status of the environment with snails,which can realize the sort management of the snail envi-ronments inside embankment.
