中国血吸虫病防治杂志
中國血吸蟲病防治雜誌
중국혈흡충병방치잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL
2014年
1期
78-80
,共3页
血吸虫病%传染源控制%效果评估%四湖地区
血吸蟲病%傳染源控製%效果評估%四湖地區
혈흡충병%전염원공제%효과평고%사호지구
Schistosomiasis%Infection source control%Effect evaluation%Four-lake region
目的：评价以传染源控制为主的血吸虫病综合防治策略在湖北省四湖地区的防治效果。方法采用流行病学方法，回顾性分析四湖地区9个县（市、区）开展改水管粪、以机代牛、家畜圈养、人畜化疗、易感地带灭螺、硬化沟渠等综合防治措施的实施情况。对比实施前后血吸虫病疫情变化。结果以控制传染源为主的防治新策略实施7年来，四湖地区三格式厕所、沼气池及安全用水覆盖率分别为42.00%、23.16%、93.76%。硬化沟渠1960条，消灭钉螺面积1378.42 hm2。接受血吸虫病防护知识教育3524818人，占总人口数的92.17%。采取主动防护措施预防血吸虫感染516636963人次，人群、耕牛血吸虫感染率年平均下降率分别为24.42%、38.38%。流行村数下降了4.77%，有螺村数下降了7.05%，有螺村占流行村的比例为63.19%～66.21%，钉螺面积下降了90.35%。晚期血吸虫病人数下降了5.55%，病死率下降了1.24%，急性血吸虫感染率下降至0。一类和二类重度流行村减少至0，三类村减少了10.22%，四类村增加了66.38%，五类村减少了0.22%，传播控制目标如期实现。结论在四湖地区实施以控制传染源为主的血吸虫病防治新策略能有效控制血吸虫病疫情。
目的：評價以傳染源控製為主的血吸蟲病綜閤防治策略在湖北省四湖地區的防治效果。方法採用流行病學方法，迴顧性分析四湖地區9箇縣（市、區）開展改水管糞、以機代牛、傢畜圈養、人畜化療、易感地帶滅螺、硬化溝渠等綜閤防治措施的實施情況。對比實施前後血吸蟲病疫情變化。結果以控製傳染源為主的防治新策略實施7年來，四湖地區三格式廁所、沼氣池及安全用水覆蓋率分彆為42.00%、23.16%、93.76%。硬化溝渠1960條，消滅釘螺麵積1378.42 hm2。接受血吸蟲病防護知識教育3524818人，佔總人口數的92.17%。採取主動防護措施預防血吸蟲感染516636963人次，人群、耕牛血吸蟲感染率年平均下降率分彆為24.42%、38.38%。流行村數下降瞭4.77%，有螺村數下降瞭7.05%，有螺村佔流行村的比例為63.19%～66.21%，釘螺麵積下降瞭90.35%。晚期血吸蟲病人數下降瞭5.55%，病死率下降瞭1.24%，急性血吸蟲感染率下降至0。一類和二類重度流行村減少至0，三類村減少瞭10.22%，四類村增加瞭66.38%，五類村減少瞭0.22%，傳播控製目標如期實現。結論在四湖地區實施以控製傳染源為主的血吸蟲病防治新策略能有效控製血吸蟲病疫情。
목적：평개이전염원공제위주적혈흡충병종합방치책략재호북성사호지구적방치효과。방법채용류행병학방법，회고성분석사호지구9개현（시、구）개전개수관분、이궤대우、가축권양、인축화료、역감지대멸라、경화구거등종합방치조시적실시정황。대비실시전후혈흡충병역정변화。결과이공제전염원위주적방치신책략실시7년래，사호지구삼격식측소、소기지급안전용수복개솔분별위42.00%、23.16%、93.76%。경화구거1960조，소멸정라면적1378.42 hm2。접수혈흡충병방호지식교육3524818인，점총인구수적92.17%。채취주동방호조시예방혈흡충감염516636963인차，인군、경우혈흡충감염솔년평균하강솔분별위24.42%、38.38%。류행촌수하강료4.77%，유라촌수하강료7.05%，유라촌점류행촌적비례위63.19%～66.21%，정라면적하강료90.35%。만기혈흡충병인수하강료5.55%，병사솔하강료1.24%，급성혈흡충감염솔하강지0。일류화이류중도류행촌감소지0，삼류촌감소료10.22%，사류촌증가료66.38%，오류촌감소료0.22%，전파공제목표여기실현。결론재사호지구실시이공제전염원위주적혈흡충병방치신책략능유효공제혈흡충병역정。
Objective To evaluate the effect of a new schistosomiasis control strategy based on the infection source control in four-lake regions of Hubei Province. Methods The new strategy based on the infection source control included the safe water sup-ply,feces harmless treatment,replacing cattle with machine,captive livestock,chemotherapy,Oncomelania hupensis snail con-trol in susceptible areas,hardening ditches,etc,and the new control strategy was implemented for 7 years in 9 counties(cities or districts)of the four-lake regions. The schistosomiasis situations were investigated before and after the intervention of the new strat-egy. Results The coverage rates of feces harmless toilets(three format toilets),biogas digesters,and safe water supply were 42.00%,23.16% and 93.76%,respectively. The number of ditch hardening was 1 960;the area of eliminating snails was 1 378.42 hm2;the number of persons who received the health education was 3 524 818 accounting for 92.17%of the total popula-tion;the number of person-time of taking active protection measures was 516 636 963. The average annual decline rates of schisto-some infection were 24.42%and 38.38%in residents and cattle,respectively. The endemic villages decreased by 4.77%,the vil-lages with snails decreased by 7.05%,and the villages with snails accounted between 63.19%and 66.21%of the total endemic vil-lages. The area with snails decreased by 90.35%,and the advance schistosomiasis patients decreased by 5.55%,and the fatality rate of advanced schistosomiasis patients decreased by 1.24%. No acute schistosomiasis patients occurred. Type One and Two en-demic(heavy endemic)villages decreased to zero;Type Three endemic(moderate endemic)villages decreased by 10.22%;but Type Four endemic(mild endemic)villages increased by 66.38%;and Type Five endemic(no endemic for 5 years)villages de-creased by 0.22%. The standards of schistosomiasis transmission controlled have achieved on schedule. Conclusion The imple-mentation of the new schistosomiasis control strategy based on the infection source control in four-lake regions of Hubei Province can effectively control schistosomiasis.
