CAJ | 학술논문

目的：调查自贡地区变应性鼻炎患者主要吸入性变应原的临床分布特征。方法：将2008年1月~2012年12月我院就诊的1020例变应性鼻炎患者按年龄阶段分为四个年龄组(5~25、25~45、45~65、>65)，回顾性分析患者变应原分布特征和变化情况。结果：变应性鼻炎以25~45年龄组分布比例最高，占54.0%。阳性率前五位变应原依次为：粉尘螨(83.5%)、屋尘螨(80.6%)、艾蒿花粉(73.3%)、春季花粉Ι(58.2%)、春季花粉Ⅱ(54.2%)。从2008年至2012年，粉尘螨阳性率从72.1%增加到91.8%、屋尘螨从74.3%增加到86.3%(P<0.05)；春季花粉Ⅰ/Ⅱ和真菌Ⅰ/Ⅱ组变应原阳性率亦呈增加趋势(P<0.05)。而艾蒿花粉和豚草花粉阳性率呈下降趋势(P<0.05)；多价兽毛阳性率无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论：加强对慢性鼻炎患者的变应原筛查，对于防治变应性鼻炎具有重要意义。
목적：조사자공지구변응성비염환자주요흡입성변응원적림상분포특정。방법：장2008년1월~2012년12월아원취진적1020례변응성비염환자안년령계단분위사개년령조(5~25、25~45、45~65、>65)，회고성분석환자변응원분포특정화변화정황。결과：변응성비염이25~45년령조분포비례최고，점54.0%。양성솔전오위변응원의차위：분진만(83.5%)、옥진만(80.6%)、애호화분(73.3%)、춘계화분Ι(58.2%)、춘계화분Ⅱ(54.2%)。종2008년지2012년，분진만양성솔종72.1%증가도91.8%、옥진만종74.3%증가도86.3%(P<0.05)；춘계화분Ⅰ/Ⅱ화진균Ⅰ/Ⅱ조변응원양성솔역정증가추세(P<0.05)。이애호화분화돈초화분양성솔정하강추세(P<0.05)；다개수모양성솔무명현변화(P>0.05)。결론：가강대만성비염환자적변응원사사，대우방치변응성비염구유중요의의。
Objective:To investigate clinical distribution characteristic of main inhaled allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Zigong area.Methods:From January 2008 to December 2012,1020 patients with allergic rhinitis in our hospital were divided into four age groups(5~25,25~45,45~65 and>65) according to different age range.The distribution and changes of allergens were retrospectively analyzed.Results:25~45 age group accounts the most for 54.0%in allergic rhinitis groups.The positive rate of the top five allergens are as follows:dust mite (83.5%),house dust mite (80.6%),artemisia pollen(73.3%),spring pollenⅠ(58.2%)、spring pollenⅡ(54.2%).From the year 2008 to 2012,the positive rate of dust mite increased from 72.1%to 91.8%,and the positive rate of house dust mite increased from 74.3%to 86.3%(P<0.05).The positive rate of spring pollenⅠ/Ⅱgroup and fungusⅠ/Ⅱgroup also increased year by year(P<0.05). The positive rate of artemisia pollen and ragweed pollen decreased(P<0.05).No significant difference were seen in the positive rate of polyvalent animal hair(P>0.05).Conclusion:Screening of allergens in patients with chronic rhinitis is important for prophylaxis and treatment of allergic rhinitis.