CAJ | 학술논문

发动机经过长期运转以后,在燃烧室、燃油喷嘴、进气阀等部位会形成大量的碳质沉积物,严重影响发动机的效率、操作性能和尾气排放。为解决发动机的积炭以及尾气排放问题,汽油清净添加剂成为现代清洁汽油不可或缺的组成部分。本文综述了积炭的形成机理：积炭的形成过程分为引发和生长两个阶段,同时积炭的形成受到金属表面温度、燃油组成、喷射速率等众多因素的影响。指出利用某种特殊结构的有机胺类物质对金属表面的吸附作用及其对胶质的分散作用可以清除金属表面已经形成的积炭。此外,对汽油清净剂的组成、发展以及性能评价方法作了详细介绍。
발동궤경과장기운전이후,재연소실、연유분취、진기벌등부위회형성대량적탄질침적물,엄중영향발동궤적효솔、조작성능화미기배방。위해결발동궤적적탄이급미기배방문제,기유청정첨가제성위현대청길기유불가혹결적조성부분。본문종술료적탄적형성궤리：적탄적형성과정분위인발화생장량개계단,동시적탄적형성수도금속표면온도、연유조성、분사속솔등음다인소적영향。지출이용모충특수결구적유궤알류물질대금속표면적흡부작용급기대효질적분산작용가이청제금속표면이경형성적적탄。차외,대기유청정제적조성、발전이급성능평개방법작료상세개소。
During the lifetime of an internal engine, carbon deposit forms at various locations, such as combustion chamber, injection nozzle and inlet valve. Engine carbon deposit has serious influences on the engine efficiency, driveability and exhaust emissions. In order to clean up the carbon deposit, gasoline additives have become a necessary part of modern engine fuel. A large number of research literatures suggest that carbon deposit formation has two steps, i.e. initiation and growth; and these processes would be affected by metal surface temperature, fuel composition, injection rate, and many other factors. The use of a particular structure of the organic amines which can be adsorbed on metal surfaces and disperse pectin can clean the extensive carbon deposit. In addition, the composition, the development and the evaluation method of gasoline detergent have been summarized.