CAJ | 학술논문

轨道车轮的振动声辐射瞬态特性分析能够直观反映车轮结构的时域振动响应和时域声辐射特性。利用有限元／瞬态边界元法的计算机仿真技术，对 S 形辐板车轮在时域下进行振动及声辐射特性分析。研究结果表明：踏面和辐板的轴向位移响应级基本一致，且轮辋和辐板之间轴向振动存在耦合关系；踏面、轮辋和辐板轴向位移响应级的变化趋势一致，具有类似于“拍”的周期特性；在车轮轴线上距离车轮30 m 处的声压集中在60～80 dB，且随时间的增加整体缓慢上升，再趋于平稳；声压主要分布在3500 Hz 以下的频段。研究结果为瞬态声辐射仿真技术在车轮振动声辐射特性研究中的应用提供参考。
궤도차륜적진동성복사순태특성분석능구직관반영차륜결구적시역진동향응화시역성복사특성。이용유한원／순태변계원법적계산궤방진기술，대 S 형복판차륜재시역하진행진동급성복사특성분석。연구결과표명：답면화복판적축향위이향응급기본일치，차륜망화복판지간축향진동존재우합관계；답면、륜망화복판축향위이향응급적변화추세일치，구유유사우“박”적주기특성；재차륜축선상거리차륜30 m 처적성압집중재60～80 dB，차수시간적증가정체완만상승，재추우평은；성압주요분포재3500 Hz 이하적빈단。연구결과위순태성복사방진기술재차륜진동성복사특성연구중적응용제공삼고。
The noise radiation of the wheel is one of the main sources of wheel/rail noise.Time do-main characteristic analysis of vibration and sound radiation of the railway wheel can reflect its transient characteristics of vibration response and sound radiation.By the computer simulation of finite element method and acoustic transient boundary element method,the time domain charac-teristics analysis of vibration and sound radiation of the railway wheel with S-shaped web plate are carried out.The results show that,axial displacement responses of the tread and the web are ap-proximately in the same level,and there is a close coupling relationship between rim and web;the axial displacement responses of the tread,the rim and the web have the same tendency which has a periodic behavior similar to beat vibration;the sound pressure at the field point,30 m distance from the wheel in axis,concentrates in the range of 60 ~ 80 dB,and with the time increase,it has a general tendency that increasing slowly and then tending to steady;with the change of time, sound pressure frequencies concentrate below 3500Hz,and above 3 500 Hz they are little.It pro-vides references for the application of transient acoustic radiation simulation technology used in the study on radiation characteristics of vibration and sound of wheels.