国际眼科杂志
國際眼科雜誌
국제안과잡지
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
2014年
3期
515-518
,共4页
学龄前儿童%屈光状态%筛查%危险因素
學齡前兒童%屈光狀態%篩查%危險因素
학령전인동%굴광상태%사사%위험인소
preschool children%refraction%survey%risk factors
目的：调查锦州市3～6周岁儿童的双眼屈光状态，分析相关影响因素，为屈光不正的防治提供依据。<br> 方法：采用整群随机抽样法抽取锦州市30所幼儿园2848名学龄前儿童，应用美国伟伦公司生产的SureSight视力筛查仪进行屈光检查，并向受检者家长发放问卷调查表进行相关因素的调查，对调查结果进行统计学分析。<br> 结果：学龄前儿童2848名参与调查，2565人合格完成问卷调查表，完成率90．06％，整体屈光异常检出率为18.13％，屈光异常检出率四个年龄组分别为：11．84％，16．28％，20．72％，25．62％，趋势χ2检验（χ2＝47．085， P＜0．01），表明屈光异常检出率有随年龄增加而增高的趋势。屈光异常检出率男童21．83％、女童13．54％，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝29．378，P＜0．01）。经非条件Logistic回归分析，父、母文化程度、母亲生育年龄、早产、出生有窒息史、出生体质量、父亲屈光状态、近距离用眼时间、少吃蔬菜水果等因素的OR值分别为：2．638，2．380，2．316，5．891，9．675，3．146，2．079，1．241，6．731。<br> 结论：随着年龄的增长，屈光异常检出率呈现增高趋势。男童的屈光异常检出率明显高于女童。父母低文化程度、高龄产妇、出生有窒息史、早产、体质量低于2000 g或高于4000 g、父亲屈光异常、长时间近距离用眼、少食蔬菜水果是屈光异常的危险因素。
目的：調查錦州市3～6週歲兒童的雙眼屈光狀態，分析相關影響因素，為屈光不正的防治提供依據。<br> 方法：採用整群隨機抽樣法抽取錦州市30所幼兒園2848名學齡前兒童，應用美國偉倫公司生產的SureSight視力篩查儀進行屈光檢查，併嚮受檢者傢長髮放問捲調查錶進行相關因素的調查，對調查結果進行統計學分析。<br> 結果：學齡前兒童2848名參與調查，2565人閤格完成問捲調查錶，完成率90．06％，整體屈光異常檢齣率為18.13％，屈光異常檢齣率四箇年齡組分彆為：11．84％，16．28％，20．72％，25．62％，趨勢χ2檢驗（χ2＝47．085， P＜0．01），錶明屈光異常檢齣率有隨年齡增加而增高的趨勢。屈光異常檢齣率男童21．83％、女童13．54％，差異有統計學意義（χ2＝29．378，P＜0．01）。經非條件Logistic迴歸分析，父、母文化程度、母親生育年齡、早產、齣生有窒息史、齣生體質量、父親屈光狀態、近距離用眼時間、少喫蔬菜水果等因素的OR值分彆為：2．638，2．380，2．316，5．891，9．675，3．146，2．079，1．241，6．731。<br> 結論：隨著年齡的增長，屈光異常檢齣率呈現增高趨勢。男童的屈光異常檢齣率明顯高于女童。父母低文化程度、高齡產婦、齣生有窒息史、早產、體質量低于2000 g或高于4000 g、父親屈光異常、長時間近距離用眼、少食蔬菜水果是屈光異常的危險因素。
목적：조사금주시3～6주세인동적쌍안굴광상태，분석상관영향인소，위굴광불정적방치제공의거。<br> 방법：채용정군수궤추양법추취금주시30소유인완2848명학령전인동，응용미국위륜공사생산적SureSight시력사사의진행굴광검사，병향수검자가장발방문권조사표진행상관인소적조사，대조사결과진행통계학분석。<br> 결과：학령전인동2848명삼여조사，2565인합격완성문권조사표，완성솔90．06％，정체굴광이상검출솔위18.13％，굴광이상검출솔사개년령조분별위：11．84％，16．28％，20．72％，25．62％，추세χ2검험（χ2＝47．085， P＜0．01），표명굴광이상검출솔유수년령증가이증고적추세。굴광이상검출솔남동21．83％、녀동13．54％，차이유통계학의의（χ2＝29．378，P＜0．01）。경비조건Logistic회귀분석，부、모문화정도、모친생육년령、조산、출생유질식사、출생체질량、부친굴광상태、근거리용안시간、소흘소채수과등인소적OR치분별위：2．638，2．380，2．316，5．891，9．675，3．146，2．079，1．241，6．731。<br> 결론：수착년령적증장，굴광이상검출솔정현증고추세。남동적굴광이상검출솔명현고우녀동。부모저문화정도、고령산부、출생유질식사、조산、체질량저우2000 g혹고우4000 g、부친굴광이상、장시간근거리용안、소식소채수과시굴광이상적위험인소。
AIM: To study 3-6 years old children's refraction, providing information for prevention and treatment of the preschool children's ametropia. <br> METHODS: A sample of 2 848 children from 30 kindergartens were selected randomly. Refraction was performed using SureSight vision screening instrument, and to investigate the parents questionnaire survey of related factors.Date collection was analyzed statistically. <br> RESULTS: Totally 2848 preschool children were participated in the survey, 2 565 of them were qualified to complete the questionnaire, the completion rate was 90.06%. The overall refractive abnormality rate was 18.13%.The detection rate of abnormal refraction in four age groups was:11.84%, 16.28%, 20.72%, 25.62%.χ2 test for trend (χ2 =47.085, P<0.01 ) showed that the abnormal refraction detection rate increased with age trend.Refractive abnormality rate of 21.83% in boys, 13.54%in girls, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =29.378, P<0.01).The non-conditional Logistic regression analysis, parents'educational level, maternal age, premature birth, birth asphyxia, birth weight, father diopter, eye using time, eat fruits and vegetables and other factors of OR value was respectively: 2.638, 2.380, 2.316, 5.891, 9.675, 3.146, 2.079, 1.241, 6.731. <br> CONCLUSION: Along with the growth of the age, refraction anomaly detection rate increasing tendency. The boy's refractive abnormality rate was significantly higher than that of girls. Parents with low education level, maternal age, birth asphyxia, premature, weighing less than 2000g or higher than 4000g, father ametropia, long time with eyes close, eating less fruits and vegetables are the risk factors for ametropia.
