CAJ | 학술논문

目的：观察并比较扬子鳄与大鼠延髓神经元型一氧化氮合酶（ neuronal nitric oxide synthase ，nNOS）阳性神经元的形态和分布，为生物进化及扬子鳄种群遗传保护提供比较解剖学资料。方法：扬子鳄6只，SD大鼠15只。两种动物再各分3次进行分次实验，每次扬子鳄2只，SD大鼠5只，同一时间内电击处死后，取延髓组织，采用免疫组织化学方法结合黑马病理图像分析系统检测扬子鳄与大鼠延髓nNOS阳性神经元的分布和形态特征。结果：扬子鳄与大鼠延髓均可见椭圆形、圆形、梭形、多角形的nNOS阳性神经元成团或散在分布，但不同形态的细胞数量大多存在差异（P＜0．05）；两种动物延髓nNOS阳性神经元均以中、小细胞为主，大细胞相对较少；与扬子鳄相比，大鼠延髓同节段nNOS阳性神经元数明显增加，灰度值降低，均具有统计学差异（P＜0．05）。结论：扬子鳄与大鼠延髓nNOS阳性神经元的数量、细胞平均灰度值及细胞的大小形态等分布特征存在一定差异，提示延髓nNOS神经元的分布差异可能与不同物种延髓执行其相关神经系统生理功能有关。
목적：관찰병비교양자악여대서연수신경원형일양화담합매（ neuronal nitric oxide synthase ，nNOS）양성신경원적형태화분포，위생물진화급양자악충군유전보호제공비교해부학자료。방법：양자악6지，SD대서15지。량충동물재각분3차진행분차실험，매차양자악2지，SD대서5지，동일시간내전격처사후，취연수조직，채용면역조직화학방법결합흑마병리도상분석계통검측양자악여대서연수nNOS양성신경원적분포화형태특정。결과：양자악여대서연수균가견타원형、원형、사형、다각형적nNOS양성신경원성단혹산재분포，단불동형태적세포수량대다존재차이（P＜0．05）；량충동물연수nNOS양성신경원균이중、소세포위주，대세포상대교소；여양자악상비，대서연수동절단nNOS양성신경원수명현증가，회도치강저，균구유통계학차이（P＜0．05）。결론：양자악여대서연수nNOS양성신경원적수량、세포평균회도치급세포적대소형태등분포특정존재일정차이，제시연수nNOS신경원적분포차이가능여불동물충연수집행기상관신경계통생리공능유관。
Objective:To observe and compare the anatomic distribution of neural nitric oxide synthase ( nNOS)-positive neurons in the medullar oblongata of Alligator sinensis( A.sinensis) and rats for collecting the comparative anatomy data to determine the biological evolution and conservation of this Chinese alligator.Methods:Totally,A.sinensis (n=6) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n=15) of either sex were included and cross-grouped into two groups with 2 alligators and 5 rats for each.Animals in the two groups were simultaneously sacrificed by electric shock .The expressions of nNOS in medullar ob-longata was detected by immunohistochemical assay and Heima GSM 2000P analysis.Results:Conglomerated or diffused distribution of the nNOS positive neurons were commonly seen in medullar oblongata in A.sinensis and rats;The nNOS positive cells were presented with diverse cellular morphology by shape of oval,roundness,spindle or polygon,whereas the cell number in different morphology varied a lot in medullar oblongata for the two kinds of animals (P<0.05);The nNOS reactive neurons were primarily middle-sized or small-sized in the medullar oblongata in the two kinds of animals,and large-sized cells were in relatively low number.Nevertheless,significantly increased reactive neurons to nNOS was seen in corresponding segments of the medullar ob-longata rat as compared with A.sinenis s(P<0.05),and the gray value was also reduced evidently (P<0.05).Conclusion:The nNOS positive neurons was increased and the average gray value for the cells were decreased in the medullar oblongata of the rat as compared with A .sinensis,and the number for diverse cellular morphology were not proportional.The findings suggest that the diverse distribution property of nNOS may be associated with different func-tional area in unlike species performing its specific physiological function in the medullar oblongata .