CAJ | 학술논문

基于森林资源规划设计调查资料，利用ArcMap 10、Fragstats 4.1、DPS 14.1、Excel等软件，选取常用的景观指数，分析云南省腾冲县天然林的景观格局特征，结果表明：①腾冲县天然林景观总体异质性高、形状复杂、聚集程度高、斑块分布比较均衡，景观格局特征比较复杂；②各森林类型面积比例从大到小依次为栎类林＞其它阔叶林＞云南松林＞针阔混交林＞旱冬瓜林＞硬阔林＞竹林＞冷杉林＞软阔林＞华山松林＞铁杉林，栎类林、其它阔叶林面积占61.51％，是腾冲县天然林景观的主要组成部分，云南松林、针阔混交林、旱冬瓜林面积占32.04％，是腾冲县天然林景观的重要组成部分，硬阔林、竹林、冷杉林、软阔林、华山松林、铁杉林面积仅占6.45％，面积虽小，但在天然林景观中具有特殊的作用；③因子分析结果，从稳定、复杂、异质性高、破碎化低、抗干扰能力强等方面综合评价，按得分从高到低依次是栎类林＞其它阔叶林＞云南松林＞硬阔林＞针阔混交林＞旱冬瓜林＞竹林＞冷杉林＞铁杉林＞华山松林＞软阔林；④聚类分析结果，可把腾冲县天然林分为4类，第一类是破碎度低、形状复杂、异质性高、抗干扰能力强的栎类林和其它阔叶林，第二类是破碎度高但形状复杂、异质性高、抗干扰能力强的云南松林、针阔混交林和旱冬瓜林，第三类是斑块间平均距离远、聚合度高、呈群团状分布的硬阔林、竹林、铁杉林和冷杉林，第四类是破碎度高、形状简单、异质性低、抗干扰能力弱的华山松林和软阔林；⑤聚类分析结果在因子分析的基础上，体现了硬阔林平均几何最邻近距离远的特征，对腾冲县天然林景观格局的评价效果比因子分析更好。
기우삼림자원규화설계조사자료，이용ArcMap 10、Fragstats 4.1、DPS 14.1、Excel등연건，선취상용적경관지수，분석운남성등충현천연림적경관격국특정，결과표명：①등충현천연림경관총체이질성고、형상복잡、취집정도고、반괴분포비교균형，경관격국특정비교복잡；②각삼림류형면적비례종대도소의차위력류림＞기타활협림＞운남송림＞침활혼교림＞한동과림＞경활림＞죽림＞랭삼림＞연활림＞화산송림＞철삼림，력류림、기타활협림면적점61.51％，시등충현천연림경관적주요조성부분，운남송림、침활혼교림、한동과림면적점32.04％，시등충현천연림경관적중요조성부분，경활림、죽림、랭삼림、연활림、화산송림、철삼림면적부점6.45％，면적수소，단재천연림경관중구유특수적작용；③인자분석결과，종은정、복잡、이질성고、파쇄화저、항간우능력강등방면종합평개，안득분종고도저의차시력류림＞기타활협림＞운남송림＞경활림＞침활혼교림＞한동과림＞죽림＞랭삼림＞철삼림＞화산송림＞연활림；④취류분석결과，가파등충현천연림분위4류，제일류시파쇄도저、형상복잡、이질성고、항간우능력강적력류림화기타활협림，제이류시파쇄도고단형상복잡、이질성고、항간우능력강적운남송림、침활혼교림화한동과림，제삼류시반괴간평균거리원、취합도고、정군단상분포적경활림、죽림、철삼림화랭삼림，제사류시파쇄도고、형상간단、이질성저、항간우능력약적화산송림화연활림；⑤취류분석결과재인자분석적기출상，체현료경활림평균궤하최린근거리원적특정，대등충현천연림경관격국적평개효과비인자분석경호。
Based on the survey of forest resources planning and design , use ArcMap 10, Fragstats 4.1, DPS 14.1, Excelland other software , select commonly used landscape indices , landscape pattern features of natural forest was analyzed , the results showed that:①Landscape pattern characteristics of natural for-est in Tengchong County was more complicated with high heterogeneity , complex shape , high degree of aggregation , a more balanced distribution of plaque;②Area ratio of each forest type was in descending order of oak forest>Other broadleaf forest>Yunnan pine>conifer>Alnus forest>hardwood forest>Bamboo>fir forest>soft broadleaf forest >Huashan pine>hemlock , forest area of oak forest and other broad-leaved accounted for 61.51%, was the main component of natural landscapes;forest area of Yun-nan pine , mixed conifer and Alnus accounted for 32.04%, was an important part of natural landscape;forest area of hardwood forest , bamboo forest, fir forest, softwood forest, Huashan pine, hemlock accoun-ted for only 6.45%, the area was mall , but played a special role in the natural landscape;③Factor a-nalysis results showed that comprehensive evaluation from the aspects of stability , complexity , high heter-ogeneity , low fragmentation , strong anti-interference ability and others , scores from high to low followed by oak forest >broadleaf forest >Yunnan pine >hardwood forest >mixed conifer >Alnus forest >Bamboo>fir forest>hemlock>Huashan pine>softwood forest;④Cluster analysis results showed that the natural forests could be divided into four categories , the first category was oak forest and other broad-leaved forest with a low degree of fragmentation , complex shape , high heterogeneity , strong anti-interfer-ence ability;the second category was Yunnan pine , mixed conifer and Alnus forest with high heterogene-ous, broken and complex shape , high anti-interference ability; the third category is hardwood forest , bamboo , hemlock and fir forests with the average distance between patches , high degree of polymeriza-tion, mass distribution;the fourth category was softwood forest and Huashan pine forest with high frag-mentation , simple shapes , low heterogeneity , weak anti-interference ability;⑤On the basis of factor a-nalysis , cluster analysis , reflects the characteristics of geometric mean nearest neighbor distance for hard-wood forest.Evaluation effectiveness of cluster analysis for Tengchong natural forest landscape pattern was better than those of factor analysis.