CAJ | 학술논문

彝族《医算书》是在四川省凉山彝族自治州发现的一部记述凉山州古彝人医学知识的彝族医学相关文献，采用古彝文记述。本文对其文献价值和医学价值进行了初步研究：从该书的保存情况、记述内容、记述纸张来源、记述文字形式等方面，判断本文研究的版本属于成书于1949年前的凉山州彝族毕摩文献，保留了“原始”、“本真”的彝族医学特色，说明该书具有较高的文献价值。在此基础上，简介了该书记载的与医学有关的部分内容，根据八方位为中心的“生命历”系统来推算患者的病因、预后、发展情况及其衰年出现的周期，根据月相圆缺盈亏推测疾病及其预后情况，将天文历法知识运用于推演生命节律的周期性和防病治病等方面，反映了古彝人朴素的“天人相应”的预防医学思想，这是其他传统民族医学体系中少有的，在当时彝族的社会发展时期具有较高的医学价值。
이족《의산서》시재사천성량산이족자치주발현적일부기술량산주고이인의학지식적이족의학상관문헌，채용고이문기술。본문대기문헌개치화의학개치진행료초보연구：종해서적보존정황、기술내용、기술지장래원、기술문자형식등방면，판단본문연구적판본속우성서우1949년전적량산주이족필마문헌，보류료“원시”、“본진”적이족의학특색，설명해서구유교고적문헌개치。재차기출상，간개료해서기재적여의학유관적부분내용，근거팔방위위중심적“생명력”계통래추산환자적병인、예후、발전정황급기쇠년출현적주기，근거월상원결영우추측질병급기예후정황，장천문역법지식운용우추연생명절률적주기성화방병치병등방면，반영료고이인박소적“천인상응”적예방의학사상，저시기타전통민족의학체계중소유적，재당시이족적사회발전시기구유교고적의학개치。
The Book of Yisuan,from the Yi nationality,was discovered from the area of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,recorded in characters of the ancient Yi. This article had given a preliminary research on the literature and medical academic value:judging from the status that the book was kept,con-tents of book,the source of papers,the form of the characters of book described,it can be determined that the version of the book belongs to the BiMo literature of Liangshan Yi nationality written before 1949,it re-tained the“originality”and“genuine”content of Yi medical science,which has a high literature value. On this basis,this article was introduced the medical records,such as reckoning the cause of disease, prognosis,the development cycle and rhythm periodicity of the feeble and sick year according to the eight positions as the center of“life experience”system,determining the prognosis according to moon phases. It applies the astronomical calendar and knowledge to deduce the cyclical rhythm and the prevention of the disease,which reflects the simple ideology of preventive medicine:correspondence between man and na-ture. This is rare in other traditional ethnomedicine system,and it had high medical value in the social de-velopment period of Yi nationality at that time.