中华临床医师杂志（电子版）
中華臨床醫師雜誌（電子版）
중화림상의사잡지（전자판）
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CLINICIANS(ELECTRONIC VERSION)
2013年
23期
10725-10730
,共6页
鲜墨%李靖%冯木林%潘瑶%韦妮莉
鮮墨%李靖%馮木林%潘瑤%韋妮莉
선묵%리정%풍목림%반요%위니리
食物过敏%流行病学%皮肤点刺试验%特异性IgE%影响因素
食物過敏%流行病學%皮膚點刺試驗%特異性IgE%影響因素
식물과민%류행병학%피부점자시험%특이성IgE%영향인소
Food hypersensitivity%Epidemiology%Skin-prick test%Specific IgE%Influential factor?
目的：了解广州市学龄儿童食物过敏的流行病学概况，分析影响儿童食物过敏的相关影响因素。方法对广州市约7～12岁的5880名学龄儿童进行初筛问卷调查。选取189例有食物过敏症状和医生曾诊断食物过敏的儿童为病例组，213例性别与年龄相匹配的无食物过敏症状的健康儿童作为对照组，进行食物过敏原皮肤点刺试验（SPT）、血清特异性IgE（sIgE）和嗜酸粒细胞（EOS）测定及标准化问卷调查，分析主要食物过敏原种类、患病率及相关影响因素。结果同时符合有食物过敏症状、医生曾诊断食物过敏、并且食物过敏原SPT和sIgE阳性的食物过敏患病率为0.31%。SPT分析病例组主要食物过敏原为蟹、虾，比例明显高于对照组（6.88%vs.1.41%，P＜0.05；4.23%vs.0.94%，P＜0.05）。sIgE检测主要过敏原也为蟹、虾（8.06%vs.0.96%，P＜0.05；12.90%vs.2.40%，P＜0.05）。有过敏性疾病史与家族史、2岁前曾有严重呼吸道感染及抗生素使用史、接触厨房油烟环境、父母亲较高文化层次、2岁前接触农场环境、母亲曾从事耕种制造或分派食品工作是食物过敏相关的影响因素。结论广州市学龄儿童经食物过敏原 SPT和 sIgE验证的食物过敏患病率为0.31%，主要的食物过敏原是虾、蟹，其发生受环境、遗传等多种因素影响。
目的：瞭解廣州市學齡兒童食物過敏的流行病學概況，分析影響兒童食物過敏的相關影響因素。方法對廣州市約7～12歲的5880名學齡兒童進行初篩問捲調查。選取189例有食物過敏癥狀和醫生曾診斷食物過敏的兒童為病例組，213例性彆與年齡相匹配的無食物過敏癥狀的健康兒童作為對照組，進行食物過敏原皮膚點刺試驗（SPT）、血清特異性IgE（sIgE）和嗜痠粒細胞（EOS）測定及標準化問捲調查，分析主要食物過敏原種類、患病率及相關影響因素。結果同時符閤有食物過敏癥狀、醫生曾診斷食物過敏、併且食物過敏原SPT和sIgE暘性的食物過敏患病率為0.31%。SPT分析病例組主要食物過敏原為蟹、蝦，比例明顯高于對照組（6.88%vs.1.41%，P＜0.05；4.23%vs.0.94%，P＜0.05）。sIgE檢測主要過敏原也為蟹、蝦（8.06%vs.0.96%，P＜0.05；12.90%vs.2.40%，P＜0.05）。有過敏性疾病史與傢族史、2歲前曾有嚴重呼吸道感染及抗生素使用史、接觸廚房油煙環境、父母親較高文化層次、2歲前接觸農場環境、母親曾從事耕種製造或分派食品工作是食物過敏相關的影響因素。結論廣州市學齡兒童經食物過敏原 SPT和 sIgE驗證的食物過敏患病率為0.31%，主要的食物過敏原是蝦、蟹，其髮生受環境、遺傳等多種因素影響。
목적：료해엄주시학령인동식물과민적류행병학개황，분석영향인동식물과민적상관영향인소。방법대엄주시약7～12세적5880명학령인동진행초사문권조사。선취189례유식물과민증상화의생증진단식물과민적인동위병례조，213례성별여년령상필배적무식물과민증상적건강인동작위대조조，진행식물과민원피부점자시험（SPT）、혈청특이성IgE（sIgE）화기산립세포（EOS）측정급표준화문권조사，분석주요식물과민원충류、환병솔급상관영향인소。결과동시부합유식물과민증상、의생증진단식물과민、병차식물과민원SPT화sIgE양성적식물과민환병솔위0.31%。SPT분석병례조주요식물과민원위해、하，비례명현고우대조조（6.88%vs.1.41%，P＜0.05；4.23%vs.0.94%，P＜0.05）。sIgE검측주요과민원야위해、하（8.06%vs.0.96%，P＜0.05；12.90%vs.2.40%，P＜0.05）。유과민성질병사여가족사、2세전증유엄중호흡도감염급항생소사용사、접촉주방유연배경、부모친교고문화층차、2세전접촉농장배경、모친증종사경충제조혹분파식품공작시식물과민상관적영향인소。결론엄주시학령인동경식물과민원 SPT화 sIgE험증적식물과민환병솔위0.31%，주요적식물과민원시하、해，기발생수배경、유전등다충인소영향。
Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and factors of FA among school-age children in Guangzhou. Methods The study enrolled 5880 children aged 7-12 years living in Guangzhou, China. A cross-sectional parental questionnaire survey was conducted. The case-control study included 189 children confirmed as FA (according to self report and medical diagnosis) and 213 randomly selected healthy children. They underwent standardized detail questionnaires, SPT with 18 common food allergens. Blood samples were collected from children with FA and healthy controls for peripheral blood eosinophils (EOS) analysis and sIgE measurements against 27 common food allergens. Results A total of 5542 out of 5880 questionnaires (94.25%) were returned.14.60%children were reported to have symptoms after food intake. 5.38%children were diagnosed with FA by doctors. The prevalence of FA was 0.31% confirmed by positivity on self-reported symptoms, doctor diagnosis, SPT and sIgE tests. Either skin prick test or sIgE analysis showed that the prevalence of sensitization to shrimp and crab was significantly higher in children with symptoms than the healthy controls (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between two groups on EOS level (P>0.05). Being with allergic diseases or family history of allergic diseases, parents with high educational background, being with respiratory infection and taking antibiotics during infancy, exposing to Chinese cooking fume, living in a farm environment and mother with farming or catering background were influencing factors of FA. Conclusions The prevalence of FA confirmed by SPTs and sIgE was 0.31% among school-age children in Guangzhou. The most common sensitized foods were shrimp and crab. Environmental and genetic influential factors were related to the occurrence of FA.
