华北农学报
華北農學報
화북농학보
ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA
2013年
6期
59-64
,共6页
王亮%李卫华%徐红军%鲁鹏君%崔凤娟%李士磊
王亮%李衛華%徐紅軍%魯鵬君%崔鳳娟%李士磊
왕량%리위화%서홍군%로붕군%최봉연%리사뢰
新疆%春小麦%品种资源%矮秆基因%等位变异%STS标记
新疆%春小麥%品種資源%矮稈基因%等位變異%STS標記
신강%춘소맥%품충자원%왜간기인%등위변이%STS표기
Xinjiang%Spring wheat%Germplasm resources%Dwarfing gene%Allelic variation%STS marker
为了给新疆春小麦矮化育种提供有用信息和分子标记辅助选择的方法，利用Rht-B1和Rht-D1位点的4个STS标记（NH-BF．2/WR1．2、NH-BF．2/MR1、DF/WR2．4和DF/MR2）对270份新疆春小麦品种资源（包括49份地方品种、77份新疆自育品种和144份引进国内外品种）中矮秆基因Rht-B1b（Rht1）和Rht-D1b（Rht2）等位变异的组成进行分子鉴定。结果表明，在新疆春小麦品种资源中，携带Rht-B1a（野生型）、Rht-B1b（突变型）、Rht-D1a（野生型）和Rht-D1b（突变型）等位基因品种的比例依次为63．3％，36．7％，42．2％，57．8％，以Rht-B1a和Rht-D1b等位变异类型为主。其中，只携带有1个矮秆基因（Rht-B1b或Rht-D1b）的品种（系）有233份，占总数的86．3％；同时携带有Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b 2个矮秆基因的品种（系）有11份，占总数的4．1％；既不携带Rht-B1b又不携带Rht-D1b基因的品种（系）有26份，占总数的9．6％。新疆地方品种、自育品种和引进国内外品种中矮秆基因Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b的分布比例也存在明显差异，其依次为20．4％，87．8％，72．7％，24．7％，22．9％，65．3％。总之，新疆春小麦品种株高改良应该以培育矮秆或半矮秆的Rht-B1b基因型为重点，同时可以直接利用这2个矮秆基因的功能标记来提高育种效率。
為瞭給新疆春小麥矮化育種提供有用信息和分子標記輔助選擇的方法，利用Rht-B1和Rht-D1位點的4箇STS標記（NH-BF．2/WR1．2、NH-BF．2/MR1、DF/WR2．4和DF/MR2）對270份新疆春小麥品種資源（包括49份地方品種、77份新疆自育品種和144份引進國內外品種）中矮稈基因Rht-B1b（Rht1）和Rht-D1b（Rht2）等位變異的組成進行分子鑒定。結果錶明，在新疆春小麥品種資源中，攜帶Rht-B1a（野生型）、Rht-B1b（突變型）、Rht-D1a（野生型）和Rht-D1b（突變型）等位基因品種的比例依次為63．3％，36．7％，42．2％，57．8％，以Rht-B1a和Rht-D1b等位變異類型為主。其中，隻攜帶有1箇矮稈基因（Rht-B1b或Rht-D1b）的品種（繫）有233份，佔總數的86．3％；同時攜帶有Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b 2箇矮稈基因的品種（繫）有11份，佔總數的4．1％；既不攜帶Rht-B1b又不攜帶Rht-D1b基因的品種（繫）有26份，佔總數的9．6％。新疆地方品種、自育品種和引進國內外品種中矮稈基因Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b的分佈比例也存在明顯差異，其依次為20．4％，87．8％，72．7％，24．7％，22．9％，65．3％。總之，新疆春小麥品種株高改良應該以培育矮稈或半矮稈的Rht-B1b基因型為重點，同時可以直接利用這2箇矮稈基因的功能標記來提高育種效率。
위료급신강춘소맥왜화육충제공유용신식화분자표기보조선택적방법，이용Rht-B1화Rht-D1위점적4개STS표기（NH-BF．2/WR1．2、NH-BF．2/MR1、DF/WR2．4화DF/MR2）대270빈신강춘소맥품충자원（포괄49빈지방품충、77빈신강자육품충화144빈인진국내외품충）중왜간기인Rht-B1b（Rht1）화Rht-D1b（Rht2）등위변이적조성진행분자감정。결과표명，재신강춘소맥품충자원중，휴대Rht-B1a（야생형）、Rht-B1b（돌변형）、Rht-D1a（야생형）화Rht-D1b（돌변형）등위기인품충적비례의차위63．3％，36．7％，42．2％，57．8％，이Rht-B1a화Rht-D1b등위변이류형위주。기중，지휴대유1개왜간기인（Rht-B1b혹Rht-D1b）적품충（계）유233빈，점총수적86．3％；동시휴대유Rht-B1b화Rht-D1b 2개왜간기인적품충（계）유11빈，점총수적4．1％；기불휴대Rht-B1b우불휴대Rht-D1b기인적품충（계）유26빈，점총수적9．6％。신강지방품충、자육품충화인진국내외품충중왜간기인Rht-B1b화Rht-D1b적분포비례야존재명현차이，기의차위20．4％，87．8％，72．7％，24．7％，22．9％，65．3％。총지，신강춘소맥품충주고개량응해이배육왜간혹반왜간적Rht-B1b기인형위중점，동시가이직접이용저2개왜간기인적공능표기래제고육충효솔。
In order to provide crucial information and methods of molecular marker-assisted selection for dwar-fing breeding in Xinjiang spring wheat .A total of 270 spring wheat germplasm resources from Xinjiang wheat re-gions,including 49 landraces ,144 introduced cultivars and 77 local cultivars in Xinjiang ,were identified for the al-lelic variation composition of dwarfing gene Rht-B1b(Previously Rht1) and Rht-D1b(Previously Rht2) by using STS markers(NH-BF.2/WR1.2,NH-BF.2/MR1,DF/WR2.4 and DF/MR2) at two loci Rht-B1 and Rht-D1.The results indicated that the percentages of cultivars with gene Rht-B1a(Wildtype),Rht-B1b(Mutation),Rht-D1a (Wildtype),Rht-D1b(Mutation) are 63.3%,36.7%,42.2%,57.8%,respectively.And allelic variation Rht-B1a and Rht-D1 b are main type at Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 loci in Xinjiang spring wheat germplasm resources .the number of cultivars(Lines) with one dwarfing gene(Rht-B1b or Rht-D1b) is 233 and its percentage is 86.3%,the number of cultivars with two dwarfing genes is 11 and its percentage is 4.1%,the number of cultivars neither Rht-B1b gene nor Rht-D1b gene is 26 and its percentage is 9.6%.The percentages of dwarfing gene Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b are ob-viously different in Xinjiang landraces , local cultivars and introduced cultivars , its is 20 .4%, 87 .8%, 72 .7%, 24.7%,22.9%,65.3%,respectively.In summary,cultivars with dwarfing genotype Rht-B1b should be mainly se-lected for the improvement of plant height in Xinjiang spring wheat .The functional markers of two dwarfing gene (Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b) can be directly used for promoting the breeding efficiency .
