CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]为提高氮肥在甘蔗生产中的利用率，减少农业生产中的氮污染提供参考。[方法]以 ROC22为材料，设3个不同氮肥施用量（38276和414 kg N/hm2）和3种不同施用方式（1：氮肥10%作基肥，30%小培土时施用，60%大培土时施用；2：氮肥30%作基肥，70%小培土时施用；3：氮肥全部作基肥施用）测定甘蔗农艺性状产量和土壤养分等指标，研究氮肥与甘蔗生长以及土壤养分变化的关系。[结果]甘蔗产量随着氮肥施用量增加而增加，以276 kg N/hm2增产效果较好氮肥早施可以促进甘蔗早拔节早生长和提高甘蔗产量土壤氮素速效钾含量随着氮肥施用量增加而增加，但大量施用氮肥会引起土壤酸化早施氮肥有利于促进土壤磷酸盐的溶解，提高磷的吸收利用氮肥作基肥一次性施用容易造成氮流失，氮利用率低结论甘蔗氮肥合理施用方式为两次分施，施氮量为138~276 kg N/hm2。
[목적]위제고담비재감자생산중적이용솔，감소농업생산중적담오염제공삼고。[방법]이 ROC22위재료，설3개불동담비시용량（38276화414 kg N/hm2）화3충불동시용방식（1：담비10%작기비，30%소배토시시용，60%대배토시시용；2：담비30%작기비，70%소배토시시용；3：담비전부작기비시용）측정감자농예성상산량화토양양분등지표，연구담비여감자생장이급토양양분변화적관계。[결과]감자산량수착담비시용량증가이증가，이276 kg N/hm2증산효과교호담비조시가이촉진감자조발절조생장화제고감자산량토양담소속효갑함량수착담비시용량증가이증가，단대량시용담비회인기토양산화조시담비유리우촉진토양린산염적용해，제고린적흡수이용담비작기비일차성시용용역조성담류실，담이용솔저결론감자담비합리시용방식위량차분시，시담량위138~276 kg N/hm2。
[Objective] The aim was to improve use ratio of N fertilizer in sugarcane production and reduce N pol ution in agricultural production. [Method] With ROC22 as materials, N fertilizer quantities were set, including 38, 276 and 414 kg N/hm2, according to three fertilization approaches (approach 1: N fertilizer at 10% as base fertilizer, 30% N fertilizer applied to soil dressing, 60% N fertilizer applied to big ridging; approach 2: 30% N fertilizer as base fertilizer, 70% N fertilizer applied to soil dressing; approach 3: 100% N fertilizer as base fertilizer). Some sugarcane in-dices, such as agronomic traits, yield and soil nutrients, were measured to research the relationship of N fertilizer with sugarcane growth and soil nutrients. [Result] Sug-arcane yield was increasing upon N fertilizer and reached the peak with N fertilizer at 276 kg N/hm2. In addition, early application of N fertilizer would promote sugar-cane jointing, growth and increase sugarcane yield. Nitrogen and available K con-tents were increasing upon N fertilizer, but excessive N fertilizer also caused soil acidification. N fertilizer applied early could help dissolve soil phosphate and improve phosphorus absorption and utilization. Applying N fertilizer completely as base fertil-izer was likely to cause N loss and low use efficiency. [Conclusion] The appropriate application mode for sugarcane is to apply N fertilizer twice at 138-276 kg N/hm2.