CAJ | 학술논문

采用还原焙烧将高铁锌焙砂中的铁酸锌选择性地分解为氧化锌和磁铁矿，再通过两段浸出工艺回收锌，以实现锌铁分离和获得以磁铁矿为主的浸出渣。主要考察了还原焙烧、中性浸出及低酸浸出条件对锌焙砂中锌、铁浸出率的影响。结果表明：通过还原焙烧可以显著地提高锌焙砂的锌浸出率；中性浸出的最佳条件为浸出温度60℃、液固比10：1、初始酸度45 g/L和浸出时间2 h；低酸浸出的最佳条件为浸出温度70℃、液固比10：1、初始酸度60 g/L、搅拌速度300 r/min和浸出时间2 h。在最佳条件下，两段浸出的总锌浸出率约为90%，总铁浸出率约为5%。经XRD和SEM/EDS分析，浸出渣以磁铁矿为主，其次是闪锌矿和铁酸锌；铁酸锌存在的主要原因是在还原焙烧过程中被氧化锌等矿物包裹，使其分解不充分。
채용환원배소장고철자배사중적철산자선택성지분해위양화자화자철광，재통과량단침출공예회수자，이실현자철분리화획득이자철광위주적침출사。주요고찰료환원배소、중성침출급저산침출조건대자배사중자、철침출솔적영향。결과표명：통과환원배소가이현저지제고자배사적자침출솔；중성침출적최가조건위침출온도60℃、액고비10：1、초시산도45 g/L화침출시간2 h；저산침출적최가조건위침출온도70℃、액고비10：1、초시산도60 g/L、교반속도300 r/min화침출시간2 h。재최가조건하，량단침출적총자침출솔약위90%，총철침출솔약위5%。경XRD화SEM/EDS분석，침출사이자철광위주，기차시섬자광화철산자；철산자존재적주요원인시재환원배소과정중피양화자등광물포과，사기분해불충분。
Based on the decomposition of zinc ferrite to ZnO and Fe3O4 by reduction roasting, the recovery of zinc from the roasted zinc calcine was studied by two-stage leaching for zinc-iron separation and the leaching residue containing Fe3O4 was obtained. The effects of reduction roasting and conditions of neutral leaching and acid leaching on leaching rates of zinc and iron were investigated, respectively. The results show that the reduction roasting has a significant effect on recovery of zinc, and the leaching rates of Zn and Fe are about 90% and 5%, respectively. Under the following optimum conditions, which are leaching temperature of 60 ℃, liquid/solid ratio of 10:1, acid concentration of 45 g/L and leaching time of 2 h for neutral leaching, and leaching temperature of 70 ℃, liquid/solid ratio of 10:1, acid concentration of 60 g/L, stirring speed of 300 r/min and leaching time of 2 h for acid leaching. Besides, the main compositions of the residue are Fe3O4, ZnS and ZnFe2O4 according to the XRD and SEM/EDS analysis. The main reason of zinc ferrite left is attributed to the enclosure by other minerals.