CAJ | 학술논문

以初始体质量为(1.79±0.06) g的刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)为研究对象,进行为期8周养殖实验,研究饲料中添加半乳甘露寡糖对刺参生长、消化、体壁营养组成及免疫力的影响。以基础饲料(E0)为对照组,在基础饲料中分别添加0.2%(E1)、0.4%(E2)、0.8%(E3)、1.2%(E4)和1.6%(E5)的半乳甘露寡糖,共配制5种实验饲料。结果表明：(1)饲料中添加不同浓度的半乳甘露寡糖对幼参增重率及特定生长率具有显著影响,各处理组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而对脏壁比及肠壁比无显著影响(P>0.05),1.2%(E4组)添加水平下,刺参增重率及特定生长率最高。(2)饲料中添加不同浓度的半乳甘露寡糖对幼参肠道蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶活力均无显著影响(P>0.05)。(3)饲料中添加不同浓度的半乳甘露寡糖对幼参体壁酸性黏多糖及糖醛酸含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加半乳甘露寡糖比例0.2%(E1)、0.4%(E2)、0.8%(E3)、1.2%(E4)的处理组,刺参体壁氨基酸总量及谷氨酸、甘氨酸、精氨酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而1.6%(E5)组体壁氨基酸总量及Glu、Gly、Arg含量与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。(4)饲料中添加半乳甘露寡糖对体壁及体腔液超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶及溶菌酶活性具有显著影响(P<0.05),同时对体腔细胞溶菌酶活性影响显著(P<0.05)。实验可以得到以下结论：(1)饲料中添加半乳甘露寡糖不仅可以提高刺参免疫力,并且可以提高特定生长率,并改善体壁氨基酸组成；(2)刺参饲料中半乳甘露寡糖的合适添加比例为1.2%。
이초시체질량위(1.79±0.06) g적자삼(Apostichopus japonicus)위연구대상,진행위기8주양식실험,연구사료중첨가반유감로과당대자삼생장、소화、체벽영양조성급면역력적영향。이기출사료(E0)위대조조,재기출사료중분별첨가0.2%(E1)、0.4%(E2)、0.8%(E3)、1.2%(E4)화1.6%(E5)적반유감로과당,공배제5충실험사료。결과표명：(1)사료중첨가불동농도적반유감로과당대유삼증중솔급특정생장솔구유현저영향,각처리조균현저고우대조조(P<0.05),이대장벽비급장벽비무현저영향(P>0.05),1.2%(E4조)첨가수평하,자삼증중솔급특정생장솔최고。(2)사료중첨가불동농도적반유감로과당대유삼장도단백매、정분매、섬유소매활력균무현저영향(P>0.05)。(3)사료중첨가불동농도적반유감로과당대유삼체벽산성점다당급당철산함량무현저영향(P>0.05)。첨가반유감로과당비례0.2%(E1)、0.4%(E2)、0.8%(E3)、1.2%(E4)적처리조,자삼체벽안기산총량급곡안산、감안산、정안산함량현저고우대조조(P<0.05),이1.6%(E5)조체벽안기산총량급Glu、Gly、Arg함량여대조조무현저차이(P>0.05)。(4)사료중첨가반유감로과당대체벽급체강액초양화물기화매、감성린산매급용균매활성구유현저영향(P<0.05),동시대체강세포용균매활성영향현저(P<0.05)。실험가이득도이하결론：(1)사료중첨가반유감로과당불부가이제고자삼면역력,병차가이제고특정생장솔,병개선체벽안기산조성；(2)자삼사료중반유감로과당적합괄첨가비례위1.2%。
An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of galactomannan oligosaccharides (GMOS) on the growth, digestion, nutritional composition of the body wall and immunity of juvenile sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). A basal diet of 38%crude protein and approximately 1.6%crude lipid was used as the con-trol. The four experimental diets were formulated containing five GMOS levels of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6%feed. Each diet was randomly allocated to triplicate groups of juvenile sea cucumber maintained in indoor fiberglass tanks (80 cm × 70 cm) with circulating seawater (18.0℃± 0.5℃) and constant aeration. Each tank was stocked with 40 indi-viduals with an initial average weight of 1.79 g ± 0.06 g. The results showed that GMOS supplemented at the experi-mental levels significantly enhanced the weight growth rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR, P<0.05);however, there was no significant difference for visceral body wall ratio (RV) or intestinal body wall ratio (RI). WGR and SGR peaked at the 1.2%(E4) GMOS supplementation level. In addition, GMOS supplemented at experimental levels had no significant influence on intestinal pepsin, amylase and cellulase content (P>0.05) or on body wall acid mucopolysac-charide level of juvenile sea cucumber (P>0.05). Juvenile sea cucumbers fed a diet with 0.2%-1.2%GMOS had a sig-nificantly higher body wall amino acid content, including glutamine, glycine and arginine, than the control (P<0.05), while those in the 1.6% GMOS group showed no significant difference from the control (P>0.05). Furthermore, ex-perimental levels of GMOS supplementation significantly influenced superoxide dismutase (SOD), alkaline phos-phatase (AKP) and lysozyme (LZM) activity in the body wall and coelomic fluid (P<0.05), as well as LZM activity in the coelomic cell (P<0.05). In conclusion, sea cucumber fed with a GMOS-supplemented diet not only displayed im-proved immunity but also an enhanced specific growth rate and amino acid composition of the body wall. Considering all parameters, the optimum level of GMOS in the diet of juvenile sea cucumber (1.79 g ± 0.06 g) was 1.2%.