现代农业装备
現代農業裝備
현대농업장비
MODERN AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENTS
2014年
1期
51-56
,共6页
顶芽斜插法%瓜类蔬菜%嫁接机%机械化
頂芽斜插法%瓜類蔬菜%嫁接機%機械化
정아사삽법%과류소채%가접궤%궤계화
Hole-inserting%Grafting%Grafting machine%Mechanization
顶芽斜插法嫁接是瓜类蔬菜嫁接生产中常用的一种方法,其特点是操作简单、不需要夹持固定物、成活率高,也是实现瓜类蔬菜机械化嫁接的一种理想方法。本研究通过对顶芽斜插嫁接法的操作过程及工艺要求进行研究分析,对实现瓜类蔬菜顶芽斜插机械化嫁接的关键机构及参数进行了实验研究,确定了砧木和接穗夹口部位的结构形状尺寸;砧木打孔签为1.80 mm的圆锥形时,插孔形状整齐、清楚、无毛刺;接穗切削角度为20°时,切削面长度适中且具有一定的刚性,插入砧木插孔内的成功率比较高。在上述研究基础上完成了顶芽斜插嫁接机的关键机构的设计,包括砧木和接穗夹持机构、砧木打孔机构、接穗切削机构,这些机构在人工上苗后可以实现砧木的夹持,砧木子叶的展平压平、打孔和接穗的上苗、夹持、切削,及砧木和接穗的插接作业。
頂芽斜插法嫁接是瓜類蔬菜嫁接生產中常用的一種方法,其特點是操作簡單、不需要夾持固定物、成活率高,也是實現瓜類蔬菜機械化嫁接的一種理想方法。本研究通過對頂芽斜插嫁接法的操作過程及工藝要求進行研究分析,對實現瓜類蔬菜頂芽斜插機械化嫁接的關鍵機構及參數進行瞭實驗研究,確定瞭砧木和接穗夾口部位的結構形狀呎吋;砧木打孔籤為1.80 mm的圓錐形時,插孔形狀整齊、清楚、無毛刺;接穗切削角度為20°時,切削麵長度適中且具有一定的剛性,插入砧木插孔內的成功率比較高。在上述研究基礎上完成瞭頂芽斜插嫁接機的關鍵機構的設計,包括砧木和接穗夾持機構、砧木打孔機構、接穗切削機構,這些機構在人工上苗後可以實現砧木的夾持,砧木子葉的展平壓平、打孔和接穗的上苗、夾持、切削,及砧木和接穗的插接作業。
정아사삽법가접시과류소채가접생산중상용적일충방법,기특점시조작간단、불수요협지고정물、성활솔고,야시실현과류소채궤계화가접적일충이상방법。본연구통과대정아사삽가접법적조작과정급공예요구진행연구분석,대실현과류소채정아사삽궤계화가접적관건궤구급삼수진행료실험연구,학정료침목화접수협구부위적결구형상척촌;침목타공첨위1.80 mm적원추형시,삽공형상정제、청초、무모자;접수절삭각도위20°시,절삭면장도괄중차구유일정적강성,삽입침목삽공내적성공솔비교고。재상술연구기출상완성료정아사삽가접궤적관건궤구적설계,포괄침목화접수협지궤구、침목타공궤구、접수절삭궤구,저사궤구재인공상묘후가이실현침목적협지,침목자협적전평압평、타공화접수적상묘、협지、절삭,급침목화접수적삽접작업。
The hole-insertion grafting is a mainly grafting method of vegetable seedling production, it is char-acterized by simple operation, does not need clamp with high survival rate. So the method is an ideal method for achieve the mechanization grafting. This paper researches structure and parameter of the key actuator for the hole-insertion grafting machine on the analysis of operation process and technological requirements of hole-inserting grafting method. The structure and size of the clamping device of rootstock and scion were de-termine; when the punch pin of rootstock is cone-shaped and it’s diameter is 1.8 mm, the punch hole is neat without burrs; when the scion cutting angle is 20° , the surface has certain rigidity and the success rate of grafting can reach a high level. On the basis of the above, the hole-insertion grafting machine was designed, and includes rootstock and scion clamping, rootstock punching, and scion cutting. After artificial seedling, the machine can achieve rootstock seedling clamping, flat the rootstock cotyledon, punching, the scion seedling clamping, cutting, and plugging into rootstock.