CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解长治市某校附近网吧计算机键盘鼠标微生物分布情况,为预防和控制疾病传播提供理论依据。方法：选取长治市某校附近3家网吧,无菌棉拭子采集180台计算机键盘、鼠标,采用常规培养与鉴定法检测细菌与真菌(90份样品),采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测乙肝病毒表面抗原(90份样品)。结果：键盘、鼠标细菌总数平均为151.38 cfu/cm2,细菌总数超标率为67.63%,计算机键盘、鼠标上细菌菌群以葡萄球菌属、链球菌属、埃希菌属、芽胞杆菌属为主,检出率分别为100.00%,95.56%,94.44%,51.11%；检出的细菌有金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、咽峡炎链球菌、唾液链球菌、血链球菌、大肠埃希菌、枯草芽胞杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、沙门菌等。真菌共检出5属真菌,分别为毛癣菌属、表皮癣菌属、小孢子癣菌属、白假丝酵母和隐球菌属,检出率分别为15.56%,22.22%,8.89%,17.78%,6.67%。乙肝病毒 HBsAg检出率为5.56%(5/90)。结论：长治市学校附近网吧卫生状况不容乐观,计算机键盘、鼠标表面存在较多的微生物种群,其中有致病性与条件致病性微生物。计算机键盘、鼠标是一种潜在的疾病传播媒介。
목적：료해장치시모교부근망파계산궤건반서표미생물분포정황,위예방화공제질병전파제공이론의거。방법：선취장치시모교부근3가망파,무균면식자채집180태계산궤건반、서표,채용상규배양여감정법검측세균여진균(90빈양품),채용매련면역법(ELISA)검측을간병독표면항원(90빈양품)。결과：건반、서표세균총수평균위151.38 cfu/cm2,세균총수초표솔위67.63%,계산궤건반、서표상세균균군이포도구균속、련구균속、애희균속、아포간균속위주,검출솔분별위100.00%,95.56%,94.44%,51.11%；검출적세균유금황색포도구균、표피포도구균、부생포도구균、용혈포도구균、인협염련구균、타액련구균、혈련구균、대장애희균、고초아포간균、동록가단포균、사문균등。진균공검출5속진균,분별위모선균속、표피선균속、소포자선균속、백가사효모화은구균속,검출솔분별위15.56%,22.22%,8.89%,17.78%,6.67%。을간병독 HBsAg검출솔위5.56%(5/90)。결론：장치시학교부근망파위생상황불용악관,계산궤건반、서표표면존재교다적미생물충군,기중유치병성여조건치병성미생물。계산궤건반、서표시일충잠재적질병전파매개。
Objective:To investigate the variety and distribution of microorganism on the computer keyboards and mice in cyber bars and provide theoretical bases for disease prevention and controlling.Methods:180 computer keyboards and mice in the cyber bars around schools in Changzhi were sampled by sterilized swab.Bacteria and fungi were detected by conventional culture and identification tests in 90 samples,and the hepatitis B virus was detected by ELISA in 90 samples.Results:The average total bacterial count was 151.38 cfu/cm2 on the keyboards and mice,and 67.63% samples surpassed the standard of total bacterial count.The dominant bacteria were Staphylococcus,Streptococcus,Escherichia,and Bacillus,and the detectable rate was 100.00%,95.56%,94.44% and 51.11%, respectively.Detected bacteria were listed as below:Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermids,staphylococcus Saprophyticus, Staphylococcus hemolyticus,Streptococcus anginosus,Streptococcus salivarius,Streptococcus sanguis,Escherichia coli,Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aetuginosa and Salmonella which were isolated. Five fungal genus were detected,which were Trichophyton, Epidermophyton,Microsporum,Candidaalbicans andCryptococus ,and the detectable rate was 15.56%,22.22%,8.89%,17.78%, 6.67%,respectively.Conclusion:The sanitary status in cyber bars around schools in Changzhi city is poor.There were abundant microbial populations on the computer keyboards and mice,including pathogen and conditioned pathogen.The computer keyboards and mice were a kind of latent vector associated with to infect diseases.