河海大学学报(自然科学版)
河海大學學報(自然科學版)
하해대학학보(자연과학판)
JOURNAL OF HOHAI UNIVERSITY (NATURAL SCIENCES)
2014年
2期
114-117
,共4页
枯季径流%水文倒推方程%中小洪水模拟%清江流域
枯季徑流%水文倒推方程%中小洪水模擬%清江流域
고계경류%수문도추방정%중소홍수모의%청강류역
low flow%hydrology backwards%small and medium-scale flood simulation%Qingjiang River Basin
为了改善传统的中小洪水模拟方法中对洪水过程模拟精度较低的问题,用水文倒推法对研究区域出口断面的流量过程进行模拟。鉴于流域枯季径流缓慢变化的特点,基于水量平衡方程,对时段平均的径流量与径流变化量的相关关系进行推导,建立了基于水文倒推法的中小洪水模拟方程,并推出方程的适用范围。通过清江流域1989-1995年的场次洪水过程模拟,结果表明:洪水过程模拟效果较好,涨水和退水趋势与实测流量基本无差异,退水过程的拟合程度优于涨水过程;模拟洪峰精度符合要求。与传统洪水模拟方法和枯季径流预报方法相比,该方法计算简单,并能以过程线的方式描述中小洪水的洪峰量级,为水库调度提供科学的决策依据。
為瞭改善傳統的中小洪水模擬方法中對洪水過程模擬精度較低的問題,用水文倒推法對研究區域齣口斷麵的流量過程進行模擬。鑒于流域枯季徑流緩慢變化的特點,基于水量平衡方程,對時段平均的徑流量與徑流變化量的相關關繫進行推導,建立瞭基于水文倒推法的中小洪水模擬方程,併推齣方程的適用範圍。通過清江流域1989-1995年的場次洪水過程模擬,結果錶明:洪水過程模擬效果較好,漲水和退水趨勢與實測流量基本無差異,退水過程的擬閤程度優于漲水過程;模擬洪峰精度符閤要求。與傳統洪水模擬方法和枯季徑流預報方法相比,該方法計算簡單,併能以過程線的方式描述中小洪水的洪峰量級,為水庫調度提供科學的決策依據。
위료개선전통적중소홍수모의방법중대홍수과정모의정도교저적문제,용수문도추법대연구구역출구단면적류량과정진행모의。감우류역고계경류완만변화적특점,기우수량평형방정,대시단평균적경류량여경류변화량적상관관계진행추도,건립료기우수문도추법적중소홍수모의방정,병추출방정적괄용범위。통과청강류역1989-1995년적장차홍수과정모의,결과표명:홍수과정모의효과교호,창수화퇴수추세여실측류량기본무차이,퇴수과정적의합정도우우창수과정;모의홍봉정도부합요구。여전통홍수모의방법화고계경류예보방법상비,해방법계산간단,병능이과정선적방식묘술중소홍수적홍봉량급,위수고조도제공과학적결책의거。
In order to improve the precision of the simulation of small and medium-scale floods when using traditional methods, we used a method of doing hydrology backwards to simulate the flow at the outlet cross-section of the study area. Based on the characteristics of slowly-varying low flow in the study basin, we deduced the relationship between the average runoff of a period and the changing rate of the average runoff using the water balance equation, established an equation for the simulation of small and medium-scale floods based on doing hydrology backwards, and deduced the application range of the equation. The simulation of floods over the Qingjiang River Basin during the period from 1989 to 1995 showed that the simulated rising and recession trends agreed with observed data, the recession curves were better fitted than the rising curves, and the precision of the simulation of flood peaks met the requirements. Compared with traditional flood simulation methods and low-flow forecasting methods, the proposed method can be easily used for calculation and can describe the magnitude of peak flows of small and medium-scale floods using flood hydrographs, providing a scientific decision-making basis for reservoir operation.