CAJ | 학술논문

为了高效快速检测样品中的重金属，满足酶联免疫法检测禽畜肉中重金属的要求，本实验以常见的易受重金属污染的禽畜肉产品（鸡肉、鸭肉、猪肉和牛肉）为对象，研究稀盐酸、稀硫酸和稀硝酸浸提其重金属铜、铅和镉的效果．研究表明，盐酸、硫酸和硝酸的最佳浸提浓度分别为1、2、2 mol/L，浸提时间分别为10、15、15 min，浸提温度分别为10～90、4～90、10～90℃．与微波消解法相比，3种稀酸浸提禽畜肉中重金属铜、铅和镉的效果为稀硝酸＞稀硫酸＞稀盐酸．稀盐酸、稀硫酸和稀硝酸浸提的加标回收率分别为62％～92％、91％～112％、97％～107％．综合3种稀酸浸提所需的时间、温度及回收率等因素，稀硫酸和稀硝酸浸提法的操作可行性较高．利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-AES）和酶联免疫法（ELISA）分别检测稀酸浸提液的铜，并对两种检测方法的结果进行线性回归，显示两种检测方法的结果具有显著的线性相关（P＜T0．01，25），表明稀酸浸提法可满足酶联免疫法检测禽畜肉产品中重金属的样品前处理要求．
위료고효쾌속검측양품중적중금속，만족매련면역법검측금축육중중금속적요구，본실험이상견적역수중금속오염적금축육산품（계육、압육、저육화우육）위대상，연구희염산、희류산화희초산침제기중금속동、연화력적효과．연구표명，염산、류산화초산적최가침제농도분별위1、2、2 mol/L，침제시간분별위10、15、15 min，침제온도분별위10～90、4～90、10～90℃．여미파소해법상비，3충희산침제금축육중중금속동、연화력적효과위희초산＞희류산＞희염산．희염산、희류산화희초산침제적가표회수솔분별위62％～92％、91％～112％、97％～107％．종합3충희산침제소수적시간、온도급회수솔등인소，희류산화희초산침제법적조작가행성교고．이용전감우합등리자체발사광보법（ICP-AES）화매련면역법（ELISA）분별검측희산침제액적동，병대량충검측방법적결과진행선성회귀，현시량충검측방법적결과구유현저적선성상관（P＜T0．01，25），표명희산침제법가만족매련면역법검측금축육산품중중금속적양품전처리요구．
In order to meet the requirements for detection of heavy metals by ELISA assay,rapid methods for extraction of heavy metals (Cu,Pb,Cd)with dilute acid (HCl,HNO3 ,H2 SO4 )were in-vestigated and established in livestock and poultry meat products (pork,beef,chicken and duck).The results showed the optimal extraction concentrations,extraction time and temperature conditions were 1 mol/L,1 0 min and 1 0~90 ℃,2 mol/L,1 5 min and 4~90 ℃,2 mol/L,1 5 min and 1 0~90 ℃ for HCl,H2 SO4 and HNO3 solution,respectively.Compared with the national standard extraction method, the percent recoveries of standard addition of heavy metals (Cu,Pb,Cd )were 62%~92%、91%~1 1 2%、97%~1 07% for HCl,H2 SO4 and HNO3 ,respectively.This suggested that the order for extrac-tion efficiency of these acid extractions was HNO3 >H2 SO4 >HCl.Considering the factors of the extrac-tion time,temperature and recovery of standard addition,the extraction methods with H2 SO4 and HNO3 solution were feasible.The both groups concentrations of Cu,extracted from livestock and poultry prod-ucts by dilute acid pretreatment method,and determined by ICP method and ELISA assay respectively, were significantly correlated (P<T0.01 ,25 ).This showed that dilute acid pretreatment method could meet the requirements of ELISA assay for heavy metals in livestock and poultry products.