CAJ | 학술논문

采用动态测试和瞬态分析方法研究液压挖掘机工作装置在常态挖掘过程中的动应力特性，首先针对某反铲液压挖掘机的常态挖掘过程，搭建动应变、油压和角位移的同步采集测试平台；然后基于达朗贝尔动静法原理，分别建立动臂、斗杆和铲斗的动平衡方程，并代入测试数据计算出构件各铰点的动载荷谱，将其转换到随体坐标系中再进行瞬态分析。动态测试和瞬态分析对比结果表明，仿真应力与测试应力的变化规律一致，瞬态分析能够得到挖掘机工作装置整体的动应力特性，可以作为判断工作装置动应力分布规律和危险截面的依据。
채용동태측시화순태분석방법연구액압알굴궤공작장치재상태알굴과정중적동응력특성，수선침대모반산액압알굴궤적상태알굴과정，탑건동응변、유압화각위이적동보채집측시평태；연후기우체랑패이동정법원리，분별건립동비、두간화산두적동평형방정，병대입측시수거계산출구건각교점적동재하보，장기전환도수체좌표계중재진행순태분석。동태측시화순태분석대비결과표명，방진응력여측시응력적변화규률일치，순태분석능구득도알굴궤공작장치정체적동응력특성，가이작위판단공작장치동응력분포규률화위험절면적의거。
In this paper,the dynamic stress characteristics of a working device of hydraulic excavator in a normal digging process are investigated via dynamic test and transient analysis.Firstly,for a normal digging process of backhoe hydraulic excavator,synchronous test platforms were constructed respectively for the tests of dynamic strain,oil pressure and angular displacement.Then,based on the d'Alembert principle,dynamic balance equa-tions of the boom,the arm and the bucket were respectively established and were used to calculate the dynamic load spectrum of each hinge point with the test data.Moreover,the calculated dynamic load was transformed into the lo-cal coordinate system from the base one,which helps to perform a transient analysis later.Finally,the test results of dynamic stress were compared with those obtained by transient analysis.It is found that the stress obtained by the two methods are of the same variation law,and that the transient analysis helps to reveal the overall dynamic stress characteristics of the working device and provides a basis for the determination of dynamic stress distribution rule and dangerous section of the working device.