CAJ | 학술논문

通过对当前国内几种浓硝酸生产方法的分析与比较之后，提出超共沸酸精馏法制取浓硝酸的生产新方法，该法可实现装置大型化，同时实现质量分数40％～45％，55％～60％和68％的稀硝酸与浓硝酸联合生产。与同规模硝酸镁法制取浓硝酸相比，超共沸酸精馏法可节省建设投资约20％，吨酸节能30％、减排CO20．37 t、制造成本降低14％，是今后我国浓硝酸发展可供选择的生产方法。由于对硝酸质量分数在70％～90％区域的相关理论数据研究力度不够以及在该浓度下对设备材质的选用仍存在一定的疑虑，望今后以此作为课题进行研究，使超共沸酸精馏法制取浓硝酸早日实现工业化。
통과대당전국내궤충농초산생산방법적분석여비교지후，제출초공비산정류법제취농초산적생산신방법，해법가실현장치대형화，동시실현질량분수40％～45％，55％～60％화68％적희초산여농초산연합생산。여동규모초산미법제취농초산상비，초공비산정류법가절성건설투자약20％，둔산절능30％、감배CO20．37 t、제조성본강저14％，시금후아국농초산발전가공선택적생산방법。유우대초산질량분수재70％～90％구역적상관이론수거연구력도불구이급재해농도하대설비재질적선용잉존재일정적의필，망금후이차작위과제진행연구，사초공비산정류법제취농초산조일실현공업화。
Through analysis and comparison of several production processes for concentrated nitric acid currently used in China , a new process to produce concentrated nitric acid by super azeotropic acid rectification is proposed , this process can realize equipments large-size, co-produce dilute nitric acid and concentrated nitric acid simultaneously , the mass fractions of which are 40%~45%,55%~60%and 68%.Compare with the same capacity plant adopting magnesium nitric process to produce concentrated nitric acid , by using super azeotropic acid rectification process can it save construction investment by 20%, energy saving per ton acid is 30%, emission reduction of CO 2 is 0.37 t, production cost reduced by 14%, being an alternative process in development of concentrated nitric acid production in China .Because research on relative theoretical data of nitric acid with mass fraction concentration of 70%~90% is not enough , and there are some doubts about the equipment material selection under the concentration , further study of these subjects is needed in the future , for realizing industrialization early of producting concentrated nitric acid by using super azeotropic acid rectification process .