河南科学
河南科學
하남과학
HENAN SCIENCE
2014年
2期
182-185
,共4页
豫南%夏玉米%高产稳产%气象限制因子
豫南%夏玉米%高產穩產%氣象限製因子
예남%하옥미%고산은산%기상한제인자
South Henan%summer corn%high and stable yield%meteorological limit factors
为了找出豫南夏玉米高产稳产的气象限制因子，趋利避害，增产稳产，选取了豫南驻马店和豫北新乡地形地貌较为相似的两地，从温度、降水、光照几方面进行详细分析和研究。结果表明：豫南温度资源丰富，能满足夏玉米生长发育的需要，但平均温度偏高且温度日较差较小是玉米生长限制因子。豫南45％的年份降水量都远远超过夏玉米全生育期所需要量，洪涝和渍害频发，对玉米产量影响最大。日照对夏玉米产量的影响从属于降水和温度，在降水和温度都正常的情况下，日照越多，增产的潜力越大，但寡照年份不一定减产。和豫北平原相比，光、温、水在豫南夏玉米高产稳产中的限制作用由大到小排序为降水、温度、光照。
為瞭找齣豫南夏玉米高產穩產的氣象限製因子，趨利避害，增產穩產，選取瞭豫南駐馬店和豫北新鄉地形地貌較為相似的兩地，從溫度、降水、光照幾方麵進行詳細分析和研究。結果錶明：豫南溫度資源豐富，能滿足夏玉米生長髮育的需要，但平均溫度偏高且溫度日較差較小是玉米生長限製因子。豫南45％的年份降水量都遠遠超過夏玉米全生育期所需要量，洪澇和漬害頻髮，對玉米產量影響最大。日照對夏玉米產量的影響從屬于降水和溫度，在降水和溫度都正常的情況下，日照越多，增產的潛力越大，但寡照年份不一定減產。和豫北平原相比，光、溫、水在豫南夏玉米高產穩產中的限製作用由大到小排序為降水、溫度、光照。
위료조출예남하옥미고산은산적기상한제인자，추리피해，증산은산，선취료예남주마점화예북신향지형지모교위상사적량지，종온도、강수、광조궤방면진행상세분석화연구。결과표명：예남온도자원봉부，능만족하옥미생장발육적수요，단평균온도편고차온도일교차교소시옥미생장한제인자。예남45％적년빈강수량도원원초과하옥미전생육기소수요량，홍로화지해빈발，대옥미산량영향최대。일조대하옥미산량적영향종속우강수화온도，재강수화온도도정상적정황하，일조월다，증산적잠력월대，단과조년빈불일정감산。화예북평원상비，광、온、수재예남하옥미고산은산중적한제작용유대도소배서위강수、온도、광조。
Zhumadian in S outh Henan and Xinxiang in North Henan with similar topography were selected to find the meteorological limit factors for the stable high yield of summer corn in South Henan. The temperature, precipitation and light were studied,the results showed as follow. The heat resource was rich and it could meet the need of summer maize growth and development,but higher temperature and smaller daily range were its growth limiting factors. Precipitation with 45% of the year was much more than summer corn whole growth requirements and it brought about floods and wet frequently and reducing the maize yield. The influence of sunshine on summer maize yield belongs to the influence of temperature and precipitation. The more sunshine is,the more yield would be gained. In the condition with normal rainfall and temperature,the yield won’t cut with less sunlight. The order according to their contribution to the summer corn yield showed as precipitation,temperature and sunlight.
