CAJ | 학술논문

2012年1月~2012年12月采集乌鲁木齐大气 PM 2.5样品,使用质粒 DNA评价法研究了不同季节 PM 2.5的氧化能力,并进行氧化性毒性与相应气象因素和质量浓度之间的相关性研究.结果表明,乌鲁木齐大气 PM 2.5的质量浓度具有冬季最高,春季和秋季次之,夏季最低的季节性变化特征；PM 2.5全样和水溶部分氧化能力的季节差异较大,对质粒 DNA 的氧化性损伤具有冬季最大,春季和夏季之次,秋季最低.冬、春、夏、秋季大气 PM 2.5全样的 TD 30(PM 2.5对质粒 DNA 造成破坏达到30%所需要的颗粒物的剂量)平均值分别为440,491,503,515μg/mL,水溶部分分别为474,721,666,600μg/mL.绝大部分PM 2.5样品全样的TD 30值均小于水溶部分样,表明全样的毒性大于相应的水溶部分样.全样TD 30值与平均温度显著(P<0.05)正相关,表明寒冷的天气/季节可能造成PM 2.5的高毒性.水溶样 TD 30值与风速显著(P<0.01)正相关,与相对湿度显著负相关.这表明,高的风速和低的相对湿度可能跟较低和较高的PM 2.5的毒性有关.PM 2.5氧化性损伤能力的大小与其质量浓度之间的相关性不明显,表明仅以颗粒物的质量浓度来评价大气颗粒物氧化性损伤能力大小的方法并不能真实地反映其对人体健康的危害程度,起决定作用的还是颗粒物的化学组成及其表面吸附的有害成分.
2012년1월~2012년12월채집오로목제대기 PM 2.5양품,사용질립 DNA평개법연구료불동계절 PM 2.5적양화능력,병진행양화성독성여상응기상인소화질량농도지간적상관성연구.결과표명,오로목제대기 PM 2.5적질량농도구유동계최고,춘계화추계차지,하계최저적계절성변화특정；PM 2.5전양화수용부분양화능력적계절차이교대,대질립 DNA 적양화성손상구유동계최대,춘계화하계지차,추계최저.동、춘、하、추계대기 PM 2.5전양적 TD 30(PM 2.5대질립 DNA 조성파배체도30%소수요적과립물적제량)평균치분별위440,491,503,515μg/mL,수용부분분별위474,721,666,600μg/mL.절대부분PM 2.5양품전양적TD 30치균소우수용부분양,표명전양적독성대우상응적수용부분양.전양TD 30치여평균온도현저(P<0.05)정상관,표명한랭적천기/계절가능조성PM 2.5적고독성.수용양 TD 30치여풍속현저(P<0.01)정상관,여상대습도현저부상관.저표명,고적풍속화저적상대습도가능근교저화교고적PM 2.5적독성유관.PM 2.5양화성손상능력적대소여기질량농도지간적상관성불명현,표명부이과립물적질량농도래평개대기과립물양화성손상능력대소적방법병불능진실지반영기대인체건강적위해정도,기결정작용적환시과립물적화학조성급기표면흡부적유해성분.
An in vitro plasmid DNA assay was employed to study the oxidative capacity of PM2.5 collected in Urumqi during January 2012 to December 2012, and the correlation between the toxicity represented by oxidative capacity and the corresponding environmental factors and mass concentrations were investigated. The result showed that, the mass concentrations of atmospheric PM2.5 in Urumqi with the values of oxidative damage to DNA had seasonal variation, characterized by a highest in winter, moderately high in spring and autumn, the lowest in summer. The oxidative capacity of whole and water soluble fraction of PM2.5 in different seasons varied greatly, with the values of oxidative damage to DNA being highest in winter, followed by summer, spring, and autumn in descending order. The average TD30 values (toxic dosages of PM2.5 causing 30%of plasmid DNA damage) of whole solution of PM2.5 in winter, spring, summer and autumn were 440, 491, 503and515μg/mL, respectively, and the average TD30 values of corresponding water-soluble fraction were 474, 721, 666 and 600μg/mL, respectively. The TD30 values of the whole solution were mostly less than the water-soluble fraction,indicating that the toxicity of whole particles were higher than their corresponding water-soluble fractions. The TD30 value of whole fraction showed a notable (P<0.05) positive correlation with average temperature, implying that the cold weather/season may facilitate a higher toxicity of PM2.5. the TD30value of water-soluble fraction showed a notable (P<0.01)positive correlation with wind speed, and a notable (P<0.01) negative correlation with the relative humidity. This demonstrated that the higher wind speed and lower relative humidity may be associated with a lower higher toxicity of PM2.5. Further analysis showed no obvious correlation between the TD30 value and mass concentrations of PM2.5, showing that the method of evaluating the health impact of atmospheric particulate matter only by the mass concentration did not truly reflect its degree of harm to human health, and the chemical composition of particulate matter and its harmful components of surface adsorption should be considered.