中国环境科学
中國環境科學
중국배경과학
CHINA ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
2014年
3期
742-751
,共10页
暂态存储指标%营养盐滞留%营养盐吸收%OTIS模型%水文参数
暫態存儲指標%營養鹽滯留%營養鹽吸收%OTIS模型%水文參數
잠태존저지표%영양염체류%영양염흡수%OTIS모형%수문삼수
transient storage metrics%nutrient retention%nutrient uptake%OTIS (one dimensional transport with inflow and storage) model%hydrological parameters
为揭示巢湖十五里河源头河段氮磷营养盐滞留特征,选择NH4Cl、KH2PO4及NaCl作为示踪剂,开展野外现场示踪实验.根据获得的氯离子浓度和营养盐浓度穿透曲线数据信息,利用OTIS与OTIS-P计算软件,估算水文参数(D、A、As、α等)和营养盐一阶吸收系数(λ、λs).在此基础上,计算暂态存储指标和营养盐吸收相关参数值,定量评估主河道流动水体与暂态存储对NH4+和SRP的损失贡献.结果表明,主河道与暂态存储区 NH4+吸收系数平均值分别为3.88×10-6,8.81×10-4s-1,SRP 分别为7.80×10-6,7.98×10-8s-1；综合衰减系数 k-NH4平均值为1.64×10-4s-1,k-SRP为7.80×10-6s-1；NH4+和SRP的吸收长度Sw-NH4、Sw-SRP相当大,分别为1632.88,25471.32m,意味着该河段经由物理或生态过程去除N、P的可能性低；该河段Vf-NH4、Vf-SRP 值较营养盐浓度低的溪流或小河流偏小,但U-NH4、U-SRP则明显偏大；暂态存储对于NH4+损失的平均贡献率为93.82%,主河道水流对SRP损失的平均贡献率高达99.70%.
為揭示巢湖十五裏河源頭河段氮燐營養鹽滯留特徵,選擇NH4Cl、KH2PO4及NaCl作為示蹤劑,開展野外現場示蹤實驗.根據穫得的氯離子濃度和營養鹽濃度穿透麯線數據信息,利用OTIS與OTIS-P計算軟件,估算水文參數(D、A、As、α等)和營養鹽一階吸收繫數(λ、λs).在此基礎上,計算暫態存儲指標和營養鹽吸收相關參數值,定量評估主河道流動水體與暫態存儲對NH4+和SRP的損失貢獻.結果錶明,主河道與暫態存儲區 NH4+吸收繫數平均值分彆為3.88×10-6,8.81×10-4s-1,SRP 分彆為7.80×10-6,7.98×10-8s-1；綜閤衰減繫數 k-NH4平均值為1.64×10-4s-1,k-SRP為7.80×10-6s-1；NH4+和SRP的吸收長度Sw-NH4、Sw-SRP相噹大,分彆為1632.88,25471.32m,意味著該河段經由物理或生態過程去除N、P的可能性低；該河段Vf-NH4、Vf-SRP 值較營養鹽濃度低的溪流或小河流偏小,但U-NH4、U-SRP則明顯偏大；暫態存儲對于NH4+損失的平均貢獻率為93.82%,主河道水流對SRP損失的平均貢獻率高達99.70%.
위게시소호십오리하원두하단담린영양염체류특정,선택NH4Cl、KH2PO4급NaCl작위시종제,개전야외현장시종실험.근거획득적록리자농도화영양염농도천투곡선수거신식,이용OTIS여OTIS-P계산연건,고산수문삼수(D、A、As、α등)화영양염일계흡수계수(λ、λs).재차기출상,계산잠태존저지표화영양염흡수상관삼수치,정량평고주하도류동수체여잠태존저대NH4+화SRP적손실공헌.결과표명,주하도여잠태존저구 NH4+흡수계수평균치분별위3.88×10-6,8.81×10-4s-1,SRP 분별위7.80×10-6,7.98×10-8s-1；종합쇠감계수 k-NH4평균치위1.64×10-4s-1,k-SRP위7.80×10-6s-1；NH4+화SRP적흡수장도Sw-NH4、Sw-SRP상당대,분별위1632.88,25471.32m,의미착해하단경유물리혹생태과정거제N、P적가능성저；해하단Vf-NH4、Vf-SRP 치교영양염농도저적계류혹소하류편소,단U-NH4、U-SRP칙명현편대；잠태존저대우NH4+손실적평균공헌솔위93.82%,주하도수류대SRP손실적평균공헌솔고체99.70%.
To investigate the basic characteristics of nitrogen and phosphate nutrient retention in the headwater stream of Shiwulihe, Lake Chaohu basin, a solution containing NH4Cl or KH2PO4 addition and a conservative tracer (NaCl) was used to conduct field experiments by slug injection. According to the data sets of breakthrough curves of chloride and nutrient concentration, the OTIS model code and OTIS-P software, proposed by Runkel (United States Geological Survey, USGS), were employed to estimate hydrological parameters (e.g. D, A, As,α) and first-order uptake rate coefficients (i.e.λ and λs). And on this basis the reach-scale transient storage metrics and nutrient uptake parameters were calculated as well as the fraction of uptake contribute to NH and SRP between the main channel and transient storage zone was+4 estimated. Study results showed that the mean values of first-order uptake rate coefficients for NH in main channel and+4 transient storage zone were 3.88×10-6s-1and 8.81×10-4s-1, respectively, and 7.80×10-6s-1and 7.98×10-8s-1for SRP, respectively. The average values of total uptake rate k-NH4 and k-SRP were 1.64×10-4s-1and 7.80×10-6s-1, respectively. The uptake lengths of Sw-NH4 and Sw-SRP were getting pretty big and approach 1632.88m and 25471.32m, respectively, suggesting a low probability to remove the nutrients by physical or biological processes. Relative to mountain headwater streams with low nutrient concentration, the studied reach had lower values of Vf-NH4and Vf-SRP, but higher U-NH4and U-SRP. Estimates of mass loss indicated that 93.82%of the NH uptake occurred in the transient storage zone, whereas+4 99.70%of the SRP uptake occurred in the main channel.
