CAJ | 학술논문

试验于桂花生长的初花期至盛花初期采集不同品种的桂花花粉,干燥后将花粉保存于超低温液氮中,采用反复冻存和常温解冻30 min的方法于第15、30、60、90、180、360天时,用离体培养基萌发法测定花粉活力.结果表明：桂花花粉活力并不高,新鲜花粉活力最高只有31.4%,液氮贮藏可延长其活力,活力保持在10%~20%之间,贮藏180 d后花粉基本失活.对比人工授粉和自然授粉花粉管萌发过程研究发现：自然授粉条件下,花粉在开花第3天部分开始萌发,第5~6天有花粉管进入子房；人工授粉后2 h柱头上有少量花粉萌发,4 h形成花粉管并进入柱头生长,24 h到达子房顶部；人工授粉比自然授粉花粉萌发率高.
시험우계화생장적초화기지성화초기채집불동품충적계화화분,간조후장화분보존우초저온액담중,채용반복동존화상온해동30 min적방법우제15、30、60、90、180、360천시,용리체배양기맹발법측정화분활력.결과표명：계화화분활력병불고,신선화분활력최고지유31.4%,액담저장가연장기활력,활력보지재10%~20%지간,저장180 d후화분기본실활.대비인공수분화자연수분화분관맹발과정연구발현：자연수분조건하,화분재개화제3천부분개시맹발,제5~6천유화분관진입자방；인공수분후2 h주두상유소량화분맹발,4 h형성화분관병진입주두생장,24 h도체자방정부；인공수분비자연수분화분맹발솔고.
Osmanthus fragrans is very famous flower with rich cultivars in China,but a few seeds were found in nature.The breeding system structures between different cultivars were not studied systematically and the pollen germination obstacles were thought as one important reason.The experiment on different varieties of pollen cryopreservation of osmanthus fragrans showed that the pollen vitality of Osmanthus fragrans was not high,fresh pollen vitality could get setting rate 31.4%.Liquid nitrogen storage could prolong its vitality and vigor remain between 10% and 20%,pollen almost dead after 180 d.Study on pollen germination processes found,in natural pollinations,pollen germination started 3 d after flowering;pollen tubes reached ovary about 5~6 d after flowering.After 2 h by artificial pollination,pollen germination star-ted on stigma;after 4 h,pollen tubes got into stigma;after 24 h,pollen tubes reached ovary.And there was a higher pollen germination rate by artificial pollination than by natural pollination.