CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨颌面部部分解剖距离与鼻、口、咽腔解剖结构方面的关联，以便为经鼻气管内插管做前期准备。方法：选择ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级，拟行气管内麻醉患者100例，对所有患者快速诱导，普通弯喉镜经口明视下测量口咽部解剖距离，麻醉平稳后测量颌面部部分解剖距离。结果：鼻耳距（BEJ）男女直距分别是10.9、10.2 cm，弧距分别是12.1、11.3 cm；鼻壁距（BBJ）男女分别8.5、8.4 cm；腭壁距（EBJ）男女分别3.0、2.8 cm；杓高度（SGD）头端约0.3~0.4 cm、尾端1.4~1.6 cm；鼻后距（BHJ）男女分别5.4、5.3 cm；孔喉距（KHJ）男女分别是12.4、11.9 cm；杓壁距（SBJ）男女分别是1.5、1.4 cm。孔喉距与鼻耳距的弧距长度相当（P>0.05）；男女各参数比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：鼻翼根部至耳垂根部的弧线距离大约等于鼻后孔下缘至喉口的距离；按照这一长度和导管前端略翘起塑形导管，形成两个弯曲有利于从下鼻道经鼻后孔拐弯到口咽腔；导管进入咽腔导管头已接近喉口；导管前端略翘起有利于越过杓状软骨间切迹至食道后壁这一“台阶”进入声门。
목적：탐토합면부부분해부거리여비、구、인강해부결구방면적관련，이편위경비기관내삽관주전기준비。방법：선택ASAⅠ~Ⅱ급，의행기관내마취환자100례，대소유환자쾌속유도，보통만후경경구명시하측량구인부해부거리，마취평은후측량합면부부분해부거리。결과：비이거（BEJ）남녀직거분별시10.9、10.2 cm，호거분별시12.1、11.3 cm；비벽거（BBJ）남녀분별8.5、8.4 cm；악벽거（EBJ）남녀분별3.0、2.8 cm；표고도（SGD）두단약0.3~0.4 cm、미단1.4~1.6 cm；비후거（BHJ）남녀분별5.4、5.3 cm；공후거（KHJ）남녀분별시12.4、11.9 cm；표벽거（SBJ）남녀분별시1.5、1.4 cm。공후거여비이거적호거장도상당（P>0.05）；남녀각삼수비교차이무통계학의의（P>0.05）。결론：비익근부지이수근부적호선거리대약등우비후공하연지후구적거리；안조저일장도화도관전단략교기소형도관，형성량개만곡유리우종하비도경비후공괴만도구인강；도관진입인강도관두이접근후구；도관전단략교기유리우월과표상연골간절적지식도후벽저일“태계”진입성문。
Objective:To investigate the anatomical distance between maxillofacial,nose,mouth and pharynx. Prepare for nasotracheal intubation. Method:100 common Chinese of ASA I-II patients(50 cases of men and women) who underwent endotracheal anesthesia were chosen. After rapid induction,measure the anatomical distance between maxillofacial,nose,mouth and pharynx when anesthesia stable by general curved laryngoscope. Result:The distance of BCJ on men and women were respectively 10.9,10.2 cm. Arc distance were 12.1,11.3 cm;the BBJ were 8.5,8.4 cm;the EBJ were 3.0,2.8 cm;the SGD in headend about 0.3-0.4 cm and in end were about 1.4-1.6 cm;the BHJ were 5.4,5.3 cm;the KHJ were 12.4,11.9 cm;the SBJ were 1.5,1.4 cm. Pore throat and nose ears away from the length of arc distance quite (P>0.05);Men and women each parameter comparison difference had no statistical significance(P>0.05). Conclusion:The arc distance of BCJ is approximately equal to the KHJ;According this length to bending tube which headend slightly cocked,formed two bend which conducive the tube turn off to pharyngo-oral cavity through choana;the tube head is nearing throat when the tube into cavity of pharynx;the tube which headend slightly cocked conducive to get into glottis over the“step”from incisura interarytenoidea laryngis to esophagus posterior wall.