中华临床医师杂志（电子版）
中華臨床醫師雜誌（電子版）
중화림상의사잡지（전자판）
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CLINICIANS(ELECTRONIC VERSION)
2013年
24期
11607-11610
,共4页
骨关节炎%软骨,关节%细胞因子类%微RNAs%STAT3
骨關節炎%軟骨,關節%細胞因子類%微RNAs%STAT3
골관절염%연골,관절%세포인자류%미RNAs%STAT3
Osteoarthritis%Cartilage,articular%Cytokines%MicroRNAs%STAT3
骨关节炎（osteoarthritis，OA）是一种以关节软骨变性和丢失及关节边缘和软骨下骨骨质再生为病理特征的慢性关节疾病。常见部位膝、髋、肘和收的小关节等。OA的病因尚不明确，但具有相似的生物学、形态学和临床特征。OA主要累及关节软骨、软骨下骨、关节囊及韧带、滑膜和周围肌肉。多见于中老年人，女性多于男性。随着老龄化社会的到来，OA患者数量将逐渐升高。到2020年老年人为发达国家人口总数的1/4，65岁以上的老年人所患慢性病一半为OA。我国大于60岁骨关节炎患者约1.3亿人，约占人口总数的30%。OA是影响人类健康最常见的关节疾患之一。骨关节炎严重威胁人类的健康和生活，一直是骨科科学研究的重要课题。虽然在OA的早期治疗和抑制其发展方向的投入较大，但在过去20年里，药物治疗方面也未取得长足的进步。尽管对关节软骨的生理、生化以及软骨细胞的代谢有了一定的了解，但 OA 的病因、发病机制至今尚不十分明确。因此对其早期诊断与治疗缺乏明确的针对性。骨关节炎的发病机制是由多种因素所致，包括基因遗传性；生物力学因素；软骨营养、代谢异常；软骨细胞凋亡等。现从关节软骨的结构、细胞因子学说、自由基学说、miRNA、STAT3等方面对骨关节炎的发病机制进行综述。
骨關節炎（osteoarthritis，OA）是一種以關節軟骨變性和丟失及關節邊緣和軟骨下骨骨質再生為病理特徵的慢性關節疾病。常見部位膝、髖、肘和收的小關節等。OA的病因尚不明確，但具有相似的生物學、形態學和臨床特徵。OA主要纍及關節軟骨、軟骨下骨、關節囊及韌帶、滑膜和週圍肌肉。多見于中老年人，女性多于男性。隨著老齡化社會的到來，OA患者數量將逐漸升高。到2020年老年人為髮達國傢人口總數的1/4，65歲以上的老年人所患慢性病一半為OA。我國大于60歲骨關節炎患者約1.3億人，約佔人口總數的30%。OA是影響人類健康最常見的關節疾患之一。骨關節炎嚴重威脅人類的健康和生活，一直是骨科科學研究的重要課題。雖然在OA的早期治療和抑製其髮展方嚮的投入較大，但在過去20年裏，藥物治療方麵也未取得長足的進步。儘管對關節軟骨的生理、生化以及軟骨細胞的代謝有瞭一定的瞭解，但 OA 的病因、髮病機製至今尚不十分明確。因此對其早期診斷與治療缺乏明確的針對性。骨關節炎的髮病機製是由多種因素所緻，包括基因遺傳性；生物力學因素；軟骨營養、代謝異常；軟骨細胞凋亡等。現從關節軟骨的結構、細胞因子學說、自由基學說、miRNA、STAT3等方麵對骨關節炎的髮病機製進行綜述。
골관절염（osteoarthritis，OA）시일충이관절연골변성화주실급관절변연화연골하골골질재생위병리특정적만성관절질병。상견부위슬、관、주화수적소관절등。OA적병인상불명학，단구유상사적생물학、형태학화림상특정。OA주요루급관절연골、연골하골、관절낭급인대、활막화주위기육。다견우중노년인，녀성다우남성。수착노령화사회적도래，OA환자수량장축점승고。도2020년노년인위발체국가인구총수적1/4，65세이상적노년인소환만성병일반위OA。아국대우60세골관절염환자약1.3억인，약점인구총수적30%。OA시영향인류건강최상견적관절질환지일。골관절염엄중위협인류적건강화생활，일직시골과과학연구적중요과제。수연재OA적조기치료화억제기발전방향적투입교대，단재과거20년리，약물치료방면야미취득장족적진보。진관대관절연골적생리、생화이급연골세포적대사유료일정적료해，단 OA 적병인、발병궤제지금상불십분명학。인차대기조기진단여치료결핍명학적침대성。골관절염적발병궤제시유다충인소소치，포괄기인유전성；생물역학인소；연골영양、대사이상；연골세포조망등。현종관절연골적결구、세포인자학설、자유기학설、miRNA、STAT3등방면대골관절염적발병궤제진행종술。
Osteoarthritis is a kind of chronic joint disease. The pathological features of osteoarthritis is articular cartilage degeneration and loss, bone regeneration of joint edge and the subchondral bone. The common parts of osteoarthritis are the knee, hip, elbow and small joints, etc. The cause of osteoarthritis is unclear, but with similar biology, morphology and clinical features. Osteoarthritis is mainly involving the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, joint capsule and ligaments, synovial membrane and the surrounding muscles. Osteoarthritis occurs in the elderly, more women than men.With the coming of aging society, osteoarthritis patients number will gradually rise. By 2020, the elderly population for a quarter of the total population in developed countries, half of all chronic diseases that suffered from by the elderly over the sixty-five age will be for“osteoarthritis”. There are about 130 million osteoarthritis patients older than sixty age in China, accounting for about 30% of the total population. Osteoarthritis is one of the most common joint disorders that affects human health. Osteoarthritis seriously threatens human health and life, it has been an important subject of orthopaedic science. Although the investment in the early treatment of osteoarthritis and inhibiting the developing direction is larger, but in the past 20 years, it has not obtained great progress in drug treatment. In spite of the articular cartilage of physiology, biochemistry and metabolism of chondrocyte have a certain understanding, but the etiology and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is still not very clear. So for, its early diagnosis and treatment of the lack of a clear direction. The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is caused by a variety of factors, including genetic heritage, biomechanical factors, cartilage nutritional and metabolic abnormalities, chondrocyte apoptosis, etc. Now, in this paper we reviewed the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis from the structure of the articular cartilage, cytokines theory, theory of free radicals, miRNA and STAT3.
