CAJ | 학술논문

根据已有的基础数据、国外文献资料及野外调查资料，利用生产效益法和数值转移法估算南海珊瑚礁的经济价值（包括渔业经济价值、海岸保护价值、旅游休闲价值、生物多样性价值）以及由于过度捕捞、破坏性捕捞和陆源沉积物污染而造成其经济价值的损失。结果显示：南海珊瑚礁年经济价值为156.5亿元，其中渔业价值占90%，为140.4亿元；其次是海岸保护价值，占5.5%，为8.7亿元；而旅游休闲价值和生物多样性价值分别为5.3亿元和2.1亿元。珊瑚礁如果维持可持续利用的状态，并考虑10%的贴现率，未来20 a珊瑚礁总的经济价值为1370亿元。由于南海珊瑚礁面临最大的威胁是人类不合理的利用，其对今后20 a珊瑚礁带来的经济损失是258.8亿元，其中因破坏性捕捞造成的损失为249.6亿元，占总经济价值损失的96.4%，而因过度性捕捞和陆源沉积物造成的经济损失分别是3.3亿元和5.9亿元。人类干扰对今后20 a南海珊瑚礁造成的经济价值损失占未来20 a南海珊瑚礁总经济价值的18.98%。
근거이유적기출수거、국외문헌자료급야외조사자료，이용생산효익법화수치전이법고산남해산호초적경제개치（포괄어업경제개치、해안보호개치、여유휴한개치、생물다양성개치）이급유우과도포로、파배성포로화륙원침적물오염이조성기경제개치적손실。결과현시：남해산호초년경제개치위156.5억원，기중어업개치점90%，위140.4억원；기차시해안보호개치，점5.5%，위8.7억원；이여유휴한개치화생물다양성개치분별위5.3억원화2.1억원。산호초여과유지가지속이용적상태，병고필10%적첩현솔，미래20 a산호초총적경제개치위1370억원。유우남해산호초면림최대적위협시인류불합리적이용，기대금후20 a산호초대래적경제손실시258.8억원，기중인파배성포로조성적손실위249.6억원，점총경제개치손실적96.4%，이인과도성포로화륙원침적물조성적경제손실분별시3.3억원화5.9억원。인류간우대금후20 a남해산호초조성적경제개치손실점미래20 a남해산호초총경제개치적18.98%。
Based on the basic data, foreign literature and field data, the economic values (including fishery, coastal protection, tourism and biodiversity) and economic losses (from overfishing, destructive fishing and sedimentation) of the coral reefs in South China Sea are calculated in this paper with the effect of production method and numerical transferring method. The results show that the potential sustainable annual economic value of the coral reefs in South China Sea is RMB 156.5×108 Yuan. Among them, the fishery value attributes 90 percent, which is RMB 140.4×108 Yuan. The coastal protection value is 8.7×108 Yuan, accounting for 5.5 percent of the total. And tourism and biodiversity values are lower, respectively, 5.3×108 Yuan and 2.1×108 Yuan. If we assume that the coral reefs could keep the condition in next 20 years in future with a discount rate of 10 percent per year, the total economic value of the region would be 1 370×108 Yuan. As the most prevalent threat to coral reefs in South China Sea is unreasonable use by human beings, the total economic loss in the next 20 years would be 258.8×108 Yuan. Destructive fishing is the activities bringing the most financially detrimental to coral reefs in South China Sea and resulting in massive economic and societal losses, which are estimated to be 249.6×108 Yuan, about 96.4 percent of the whole value loss. Economic damage from overfishing and sedimentation in reefs would be 3.3×108 Yuan and 5.9×108 Yuan, respectively. The overexploitation and overuse of reefs in South China Sea make economic losses sharply, which would reach about 18.98 percent of the total sustainable economic value in the future 20 years.