CAJ | 학술논문

运用典范对应分析（Canonical Correspondence Analysis，CCA）对广西阳朔思的村铅锌矿尾砂坝坍塌后的污染农田土壤酶活性、土壤性质进行研究。结果表明：pH 值、全铅和全锌是影响土壤其他因子（碱解氮、有机碳、速效磷、阳离子交换量、蔗糖酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶）的重要因素。该区污染土壤尽管经过当地农民长达逾40 a的耕种，但土壤有机质、阳离子交换量、速效磷和碱解氮质量分数仍处于较低的水平，彼此之间的相关系数与其在CCA排序图中的夹角变化规律一致。土壤碱性磷酸酶活性与全锌质量分数呈正相关，因而在CCA排序图中，土壤碱性磷酸酶活性与全锌质量分数的夹角较小。尽管铅-锌污染物与蔗糖酶和脲酶的相关性不显著，但铅-锌污染物的存在造成蔗糖酶和脲酶活性的降低，因而在CCA排序图中，土壤中的铅-锌污染物与蔗糖酶和脲酶基本处于相反的两端，从而弥补相关分析结果信息量不足的弊端。鉴于CCA排序图能够直观展示土壤酶对重金属污染物的敏感强度以及土壤有机碳与养分循环物质之间的相互关系，因此可作为探索土壤因子内在联系的重要工具。
운용전범대응분석（Canonical Correspondence Analysis，CCA）대엄서양삭사적촌연자광미사패담탑후적오염농전토양매활성、토양성질진행연구。결과표명：pH 치、전연화전자시영향토양기타인자（감해담、유궤탄、속효린、양리자교환량、자당매、뇨매화감성린산매）적중요인소。해구오염토양진관경과당지농민장체유40 a적경충，단토양유궤질、양리자교환량、속효린화감해담질량분수잉처우교저적수평，피차지간적상관계수여기재CCA배서도중적협각변화규률일치。토양감성린산매활성여전자질량분수정정상관，인이재CCA배서도중，토양감성린산매활성여전자질량분수적협각교소。진관연-자오염물여자당매화뇨매적상관성불현저，단연-자오염물적존재조성자당매화뇨매활성적강저，인이재CCA배서도중，토양중적연-자오염물여자당매화뇨매기본처우상반적량단，종이미보상관분석결과신식량불족적폐단。감우CCA배서도능구직관전시토양매대중금속오염물적민감강도이급토양유궤탄여양분순배물질지간적상호관계，인차가작위탐색토양인자내재련계적중요공구。
Canonical Correlation Analysis(CCA) is a useful method to simplify large sets of environmental or abundance data and to identify and quantify their internal relationship of environmental factors. Normally, a larger data set always contains some unusual samples and redundant environmental variables which can be diagnosed with the primary CCA analysis. In this paper, based on Canonical Correspondence Analysis, 31 samples are collected to analyze the relationship between soil enzyme activity and soil properties in the heavy metal contaminated area due to the collapse of Pb-Zn tailing sand dam in Sidi Village, Yangshuo, Guangxi. The results show that the total Pb and total Zn in the topsoil are 21.25 and 5.31 times, respectively, greater than the environmental quality evaluation standards for farmland of edible agricultural products of China (HJ/T332-2006), that indicates this area should not be as farmland anymore. Moreover, the calcium-rich and alkaline karst soil can neutralize the acidic and oxidised tailing sand.The topsoil pH ranges from 5.14 to 6.57 while the mean pH is 5.75. It proves that the soil pH, total Pb and total Zn are the key factors that can control other soil properties and soil enzyme activities. Due to the serious pollution from Pb-Zn tailing sand, the content of soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, available phosphorus and available nitrogen are still at a relatively low level though this area was cultivated for more than 40 years by the local farmers, and the changing sequence of their correlation coefficient is similar to that of their size of vectors angels. According to the correlation analysis, the total lead and zinc have no correlation with the soil invertase and urease activities. The reason is that the soil invertase and urease activities are restrained to the low expressing condition by the Pb-Zn pollution. However, the complex inwardness about soil invertase and urease activities and Pb-Zn can be reflected on the CCA biplot. So, the soil invertase and urease activities and Pb-Zn are on the opposite quadrant in the CCA ordination diagram, which remedies the defect of the correlation analysis. As to soil alkaline phosphatase, it is not so sensitive to the Pb-Zn pollution from the tailing sand. The soil alkaline phosphatase has positive correlation coefficient with total Zn (r=0.451, p<0.05). In the CCA ordination diagram, the angel between vectors of the soil alkaline phosphatase and total Zn is small. Therefore, the decreased soil enzyme and the internal relationship of soil organic matter involved in nutrient cycle can be clearly and intuitively depicted on the CCA bioplot. In a word, this study indicates that a CCA bioplot between sample and soil characteristics plus the statistical analysis is an effective and convenient methodology for further exploring the health and environmental risks caused by the tailing dam incidents.