CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]旨在探究梨胶胞炭疽病菌的生物学特性。[方法]从采集的病样分离并鉴定出梨胶胞炭疽病菌25株。采用梨果表面刺伤后接种菌块的方法，观察炭疽病菌对砀山酥梨的致病性。平板接种炭疽病菌菌块，测试不同培养温度、pH 值、碳源、氮源对炭疽病菌菌丝生长的影响。[结果]参试的25株炭疽病菌中3株致病性较强，18株致病性中等，4株致病性较弱。致病性强的菌株其菌落颜色较深，菌丝浓密；致病性弱的菌株其菌落颜色均为白色，菌丝稀疏。菌落生长快，菌株的致病性较强；菌落生长慢，菌株的致病性较弱。菌株的产孢能力和致病性之间无相关性。梨胶胞炭疽病菌最适生长温度为25～30℃，最适生长pH 值为5．0～7.0；菌丝对多种单糖和双糖等碳源及有机氮、无机氮均可利用，最适碳源为蔗糖，最适氮源为牛肉浸膏。[结论]该研究有利于加深对梨胶胞炭疽病的认识，有助于更有效地控制该病。
[목적]지재탐구리효포탄저병균적생물학특성。[방법]종채집적병양분리병감정출리효포탄저병균25주。채용리과표면자상후접충균괴적방법，관찰탄저병균대탕산소리적치병성。평판접충탄저병균균괴，측시불동배양온도、pH 치、탄원、담원대탄저병균균사생장적영향。[결과]삼시적25주탄저병균중3주치병성교강，18주치병성중등，4주치병성교약。치병성강적균주기균락안색교심，균사농밀；치병성약적균주기균락안색균위백색，균사희소。균락생장쾌，균주적치병성교강；균락생장만，균주적치병성교약。균주적산포능력화치병성지간무상관성。리효포탄저병균최괄생장온도위25～30℃，최괄생장pH 치위5．0～7.0；균사대다충단당화쌍당등탄원급유궤담、무궤담균가이용，최괄탄원위자당，최괄담원위우육침고。[결론]해연구유리우가심대리효포탄저병적인식，유조우경유효지공제해병。
[Objective] This study aimed to explore the biological characteristics of Col etotrichum gloeosporioides in pears. [Method] Twenty-five C. gloeosporioides strains were isolated and identified from the diseased samples. Their pathogenicity was identified by inoculating the surface of punctured pears with fungal discs. The effects of different temperatures, pH values, carbon sources and nitrogen sources on the growth of C. gloeosporioides mycelia were explored by incubating fungal discs on the center of plates. [Result] Among the twenty-five C. gloeosporioides strains, three had strong pathogenicity, and eighteen had intermediate pathogenicity, and four strains had weak pathogenicity. Those highly-pathogenic strains had darker colonies, with dense mycelia, whereas those lowly-pathogenic ones had white colonies, with sparse mycelia. Those with fast-growing colonies showed strong pathogenicity, while those with slowly-growing colonies displayed weak pathogenicity. There was no relationship between conidia yield and pathogenicity. The optimum temperature for the growth of C. gloeosporioides mycelia was 25-30 ℃, and the optimum pH was 5.0-7.0. C. gloeosporioides could make use of various carbon sources (monosaccharide and disaccharide), inorganic and organic nitrogen sources, and the optimal carbon source and nitrogen source were sucrose and beef extract, respectively. [Conclusion] Our study benefits further understanding of C. gloeospori-oides and helps to control pear anthracnose more effectively.