CAJ | 학술논문

目的：研究1996-2011年于我院老年病房住院的老年男性患者死亡原因构成特点。方法以1162例年龄≥65岁长期定居北京并于我院老年病房住院死亡的男性患者为研究对象，通过查阅死亡记录确定死亡原因。结果15年间于我院老年病房死亡的老年男性患者共1162例，平均死亡年龄(83.3±6.5)岁。死因构成前4位依次为恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病和脑血管病，分别占总死因的41.7%、20.7%、20.4%和6.4%。肺癌、缺血性心脏病、脑梗死及肺炎分别是恶性肿瘤、心血管疾病、脑血管病及呼吸系统疾病死亡的首要原因。与＜80岁年龄组相比，≥80岁年龄组恶性肿瘤所致死亡比例减少，呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病所致死亡比例增加(P＜0.01)；心、脑血管疾病死亡在两年龄组比例相当(P＞0.05)；近15年来呼吸系统疾病所致死亡比例增加(P＜0.01)；心血管疾病死亡有下降趋势，但差异无统计学意义；恶性肿瘤和脑血管疾病所致死亡比例变化不大。结论恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病是老年男性主要死亡原因。随年龄增长，恶性肿瘤死亡比例降低，呼吸系统疾病死亡比例升高。近年来，呼吸系统疾病所致死亡有上升趋势。
목적：연구1996-2011년우아원노년병방주원적노년남성환자사망원인구성특점。방법이1162례년령≥65세장기정거북경병우아원노년병방주원사망적남성환자위연구대상，통과사열사망기록학정사망원인。결과15년간우아원노년병방사망적노년남성환자공1162례，평균사망년령(83.3±6.5)세。사인구성전4위의차위악성종류、심혈관질병、호흡계통질병화뇌혈관병，분별점총사인적41.7%、20.7%、20.4%화6.4%。폐암、결혈성심장병、뇌경사급폐염분별시악성종류、심혈관질병、뇌혈관병급호흡계통질병사망적수요원인。여＜80세년령조상비，≥80세년령조악성종류소치사망비례감소，호흡계통질병、소화계통질병소치사망비례증가(P＜0.01)；심、뇌혈관질병사망재량년령조비례상당(P＞0.05)；근15년래호흡계통질병소치사망비례증가(P＜0.01)；심혈관질병사망유하강추세，단차이무통계학의의；악성종류화뇌혈관질병소치사망비례변화불대。결론악성종류、심뇌혈관질병화호흡계통질병시노년남성주요사망원인。수년령증장，악성종류사망비례강저，호흡계통질병사망비례승고。근년래，호흡계통질병소치사망유상승추세。
Objective To study the causes of death in elderly patients admitted to our hospital from 1996 to 2011. Methods A total of 1 162 elderly patients with their age≥65 years were included in this study. The causes of their death were summarized by reviewing their medical records. Results The average death age of the 1 162 elderly patients was 83.3±6.5 years. The top 4 causes of death were malignant tumors, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and cerebrovascular diseases, which accounted for 41.7%, 20.7%, 20.4% and 6.4%, respectively. Lung cancer, ischemic heart disease, pneumonia and cerebral infarction were the leading causes of malignant tumors, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and cerebrovascular diseases. The death rate of malignant tumors was significantly lower whereas that of respiratory diseases and gastrointestinal diseases was significantly higher in patients with their age<80 years than in those with their age≥80 years (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the death rate of cardio-and cerebro-vascular diseases between the patients with their age<80 years or≥80 years. No significant difference was found in the death rate of cardiovascular diseases although they tended to decrease. The death rate of malignant tumors and cerebrovascular diseases did no change significantly from 1996 to 2011. Conclusion Malignant tumors, cardio-and cerebro-vascular diseases and respiratory diseases are the leading causes of death in elderly male people. The death rate of malignant tumors decreases while that of respiratory diseases increases with the age of patients. The death rate of respiratory diseases tends to increase in recent years.