CAJ | 학술논문

从宏观尺度上把握西部区国家级标准样地数量、质量、空间分布特征及对耕地的代表性程度，对建立和完善覆盖全国的耕地质量监测体系意义重大。该文以西部区（12个省、市、自治区）农用地分等及标准样地数据为基础，分析西部区国家级标准样地在等别（质量）、耕作制度二级区上的数量分布状况，基于GIS剖析标准样地的空间分布特征，基于统计学等定量方法对国家级标准样地代表性程度进行验证。结果表明：从数量分布来看，西部区国家级标准样地在等别范围4～15每个等别上均有分布，但在各等别上数量差异较大；在各二级区上数量分布不均匀，其中5个二级区没有标准样地分布，主要集中在7个二级区。从空间分布来看，西部区国家级标准样地总体上处于均匀分布，但空间分布差异显著，均匀分布和凝聚分布并存。最后，根据西部区国家级标准样地的分布特征和代表性检验结果，提出西部区国家级标准样地布设的优化调整建议。
종굉관척도상파악서부구국가급표준양지수량、질량、공간분포특정급대경지적대표성정도，대건립화완선복개전국적경지질량감측체계의의중대。해문이서부구（12개성、시、자치구）농용지분등급표준양지수거위기출，분석서부구국가급표준양지재등별（질량）、경작제도이급구상적수량분포상황，기우GIS부석표준양지적공간분포특정，기우통계학등정량방법대국가급표준양지대표성정도진행험증。결과표명：종수량분포래간，서부구국가급표준양지재등별범위4～15매개등별상균유분포，단재각등별상수량차이교대；재각이급구상수량분포불균균，기중5개이급구몰유표준양지분포，주요집중재7개이급구。종공간분포래간，서부구국가급표준양지총체상처우균균분포，단공간분포차이현저，균균분포화응취분포병존。최후，근거서부구국가급표준양지적분포특정화대표성검험결과，제출서부구국가급표준양지포설적우화조정건의。
To deeply understand the quantity, quality, spatial distribution characteristics and the representative of cultivated land of national standard farmland in western China at macro scale, it is very important to set up and improve the monitoring system of cultivated land quality in the whole country. This paper, based on the database of farmland classification and national standard farmland in western China (12 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions), gives a analysis of the quantitative distribution characteristic of national standard farmland of the western region in gradation (quality) and on a secondary zone of the standard farming system. The paper then analyzes the spatial distribution features of standard farmland based on GIS and conducts inspection, definition and statistical tests for the representative of national standard farmland. Results show that: (1) In the view of quantitative distribution characteristics, national standard farmlands of the western China were distributed across all the gradations 4-15, but exhibited great differences in each gradation, such as more than half of them concentrated in 8-12 gradation. The distribution of national standard farmland in the 4, 5, 14, and 15 grades was less. Furthermore, national standard farmlands of the western China are unevenly distributed in the secondary zone and have not covered 28 secondary zones of the standard farming system. Therefore, there exists cultivated land but no national standard farmland in five secondary zones such as Daxing'an Mountains region and so on. (2) From the spatial distribution characteristics, national standard farmland is uniformly distributed on the whole, but there is a significant spatial difference and there exist excessive concentration phenomena in six secondary zones. Thus, the data presented suggest that we should adjust and optimize the monitoring sample plot layout of national standard farmland in western China, according to a comprehensive analysis of the testing results and the distribution characteristics.