CAJ | 학술논문

采集了滇池北部和中心区域2根柱状沉积物样品，分析其常量元素（Fe、Mn、Al、Ti、Ca、K）、微量元素（Ba、Sr、Cu、Pb、Zn、V、Cd）剖面分布特征，并采用H?kanson潜在生态危害指数法对典型重金属（Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb）进行了污染潜在生态风险评估。结果表明：沉积物中常量元素以Fe2O3、CaO及Al2O3为主，MnO、K2O及TiO2含量较少，变化范围是Fe2O3为8.0~14.9%、MnO为0.1~0.2%、Al2O3为9.0~20.1%、TiO2为1.5%~2.8%、CaO为0.4~21.7%、K2O为1.5~2.0%；微量元素Pb, Cd, Zn, Ba, Cu, Sr 及V含量均较高，变化范围是Pb为73.8~105.3 mg·kg-1、Cd为1.0~3.4 mg·kg-1、Zn为123.4~210.6 mg·kg-1、Ba为264.8~435.7 mg·kg-1、Cu为77.5~133.5 mg·kg-1、Sr为34.9~137.5 mg·kg-1以及V为177.7~284.7 mg·kg-1。尤其表层0~12 cm内（1950 s以后），各元素含量值均明显高于12 cm以下各值，20世纪50年代后滇池流域内工农业发展及污染物输入是造成金属元素含量累积的主要因素。沉积物中典型重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd污染潜在生态风险评估结果：Cu、Zn和Pb处于中度污染，且C if 值越接近表层（0~12 cm）其值越高，这表明自1950S后污染程度不断加重，其中 Cd 累积与污染比较严重，分析多种元素的多因子污染参数之和C d表明滇池沉积物中多种元素污染整体处于“较高”污染程度，分析多种元素的潜在生态风险指数RI表明滇池沉积物中重金属潜在生态风险处于“很高”水平。同时，滇池北部沉积物中重金属潜在危害较严重且近年来污染有加重趋势。
채집료전지북부화중심구역2근주상침적물양품，분석기상량원소（Fe、Mn、Al、Ti、Ca、K）、미량원소（Ba、Sr、Cu、Pb、Zn、V、Cd）부면분포특정，병채용H?kanson잠재생태위해지수법대전형중금속（Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb）진행료오염잠재생태풍험평고。결과표명：침적물중상량원소이Fe2O3、CaO급Al2O3위주，MnO、K2O급TiO2함량교소，변화범위시Fe2O3위8.0~14.9%、MnO위0.1~0.2%、Al2O3위9.0~20.1%、TiO2위1.5%~2.8%、CaO위0.4~21.7%、K2O위1.5~2.0%；미량원소Pb, Cd, Zn, Ba, Cu, Sr 급V함량균교고，변화범위시Pb위73.8~105.3 mg·kg-1、Cd위1.0~3.4 mg·kg-1、Zn위123.4~210.6 mg·kg-1、Ba위264.8~435.7 mg·kg-1、Cu위77.5~133.5 mg·kg-1、Sr위34.9~137.5 mg·kg-1이급V위177.7~284.7 mg·kg-1。우기표층0~12 cm내（1950 s이후），각원소함량치균명현고우12 cm이하각치，20세기50년대후전지류역내공농업발전급오염물수입시조성금속원소함량루적적주요인소。침적물중전형중금속Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd오염잠재생태풍험평고결과：Cu、Zn화Pb처우중도오염，차C if 치월접근표층（0~12 cm）기치월고，저표명자1950S후오염정도불단가중，기중 Cd 루적여오염비교엄중，분석다충원소적다인자오염삼수지화C d표명전지침적물중다충원소오염정체처우“교고”오염정도，분석다충원소적잠재생태풍험지수RI표명전지침적물중중금속잠재생태풍험처우“흔고”수평。동시，전지북부침적물중중금속잠재위해교엄중차근년래오염유가중추세。
Two sediment profiles were collected from the northern and central parts of Dianchi Lake. Distribution characteristics of major elements (Fe, Mn, Al, Ti, Ca and K) and trace elements (Ba, Sr, Cu, Pb, Zn, V and Cd) were investigated. And then the potential ecological risk of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb) was analyzed by the method of H?kanson. The contents of Fe2O3, CaO, and Al2O3 were high and contributed mainly to the major elements, while the contents of MnO, K2O and TiO2 were low in the sediments from Dianchi Lake. The contents of Fe2O3, CaO, Al2O3, MnO, K2O and TiO2 were 8.0~14.9%, 0.4~21.7%, 9.0~20.1%, 0.1~0.2%, 1.5~2.0%, and 1.5%~2.8%, respectively. For the trace elements, contents of Pb, Cd, Zn, Ba, Cu, Sr and V were relatively high, which were 73.8~105.3 mg·kg-1, 1.0~3.4 mg·kg-1, 123.4~210.6 mg·kg-1, 264.8~435.7 mg·kg-1, 77.5~133.5 mg·kg-1, 34.9~137.5 mg·kg-1 and 177.7~284.7 mg·kg-1, respectively. The contents of these elements were greater in the top 12 cm of sediments, which were due to industrial and agricultural development after 1950s. The ecological risk assessment on 4 typical heavy metals including Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd showed that the value of ifC was greater in the top 12 cm, which indicated the pollution status of heavy metals were serious after 1950 s. The Cu, Zn, and Pb were in the status of moderate pollution. The Cd was accumulated in the sediments, which was in the serious pollution status. The multiple factor pollution index, such as the value of dC , showed that heavy metal pollution was at the level of“high”. The index of RI for ecological risk assessment also showed that the potential ecological risk was at a“very high”level. Further more, ecological risk of heavy metals from sediments was greater in northern part of Dianchi Lake, and the pollution becomes more serious in recent years.