生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2014年
7期
1175-1180
,共6页
朱婷婷%段标标%宋战锋%彭盛华
硃婷婷%段標標%宋戰鋒%彭盛華
주정정%단표표%송전봉%팽성화
饮用水源水%抗生素%污染特征%生态风险评价
飲用水源水%抗生素%汙染特徵%生態風險評價
음용수원수%항생소%오염특정%생태풍험평개
source water%antibiotics%pollution characteristics%ecological risk assessmen
近年来水体中不断被检出的抗生素逐渐成为研究者关注的焦点。许多国家的河流、湖泊、地下水中均检出了抗生素残留。目前国内外关于抗生素污染特征的研究主要集中在河流、河口湾和污水处理厂等水环境中，对于抗生素在饮用水源地水体中的污染状况研究极少。利用高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术（HPLC-MS/MS）检测分析了5类典型抗生素在深圳铁岗饮用水源地型水库中的污染特征。结果表明，9种目标抗生素中，有8种在铁岗水库水体中被检出，浓度范围为1.1~203 ng·L-1，其中，林肯霉素检出浓度最高，红霉素次之，阿莫西林未检出；入库支流抗生素污染程度普遍高于铁岗水库，其中大官陂河中抗生素质量浓度最高（277.0 ng·L-1），九围河次之（196.4 ng·L-1）；枯水期抗生素浓度高于丰水期。采用风险商值法初步评价的结果表明，枯水期时料坑水中红霉素、大官陂河中磺胺甲噁唑和林肯霉素，以及丰水期时九围河中林肯霉素的生态风险商（RQ）均大于1，对生态环境具有高风险；风险简单叠加模型计算结果显示，枯水期时料坑水、塘头河、大官陂河以及丰水期时九围河中抗生素的联合毒性风险商（RQsum）均大于1，对生态环境可能会产生较高的风险。
近年來水體中不斷被檢齣的抗生素逐漸成為研究者關註的焦點。許多國傢的河流、湖泊、地下水中均檢齣瞭抗生素殘留。目前國內外關于抗生素汙染特徵的研究主要集中在河流、河口灣和汙水處理廠等水環境中，對于抗生素在飲用水源地水體中的汙染狀況研究極少。利用高效液相色譜-串聯質譜技術（HPLC-MS/MS）檢測分析瞭5類典型抗生素在深圳鐵崗飲用水源地型水庫中的汙染特徵。結果錶明，9種目標抗生素中，有8種在鐵崗水庫水體中被檢齣，濃度範圍為1.1~203 ng·L-1，其中，林肯黴素檢齣濃度最高，紅黴素次之，阿莫西林未檢齣；入庫支流抗生素汙染程度普遍高于鐵崗水庫，其中大官陂河中抗生素質量濃度最高（277.0 ng·L-1），九圍河次之（196.4 ng·L-1）；枯水期抗生素濃度高于豐水期。採用風險商值法初步評價的結果錶明，枯水期時料坑水中紅黴素、大官陂河中磺胺甲噁唑和林肯黴素，以及豐水期時九圍河中林肯黴素的生態風險商（RQ）均大于1，對生態環境具有高風險；風險簡單疊加模型計算結果顯示，枯水期時料坑水、塘頭河、大官陂河以及豐水期時九圍河中抗生素的聯閤毒性風險商（RQsum）均大于1，對生態環境可能會產生較高的風險。
근년래수체중불단피검출적항생소축점성위연구자관주적초점。허다국가적하류、호박、지하수중균검출료항생소잔류。목전국내외관우항생소오염특정적연구주요집중재하류、하구만화오수처리엄등수배경중，대우항생소재음용수원지수체중적오염상황연구겁소。이용고효액상색보-천련질보기술（HPLC-MS/MS）검측분석료5류전형항생소재심수철강음용수원지형수고중적오염특정。결과표명，9충목표항생소중，유8충재철강수고수체중피검출，농도범위위1.1~203 ng·L-1，기중，림긍매소검출농도최고，홍매소차지，아막서림미검출；입고지류항생소오염정도보편고우철강수고，기중대관피하중항생소질량농도최고（277.0 ng·L-1），구위하차지（196.4 ng·L-1）；고수기항생소농도고우봉수기。채용풍험상치법초보평개적결과표명，고수기시료갱수중홍매소、대관피하중광알갑오서화림긍매소，이급봉수기시구위하중림긍매소적생태풍험상（RQ）균대우1，대생태배경구유고풍험；풍험간단첩가모형계산결과현시，고수기시료갱수、당두하、대관피하이급봉수기시구위하중항생소적연합독성풍험상（RQsum）균대우1，대생태배경가능회산생교고적풍험。
Antibiotics have widely been used in agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry, human disease treatment and personal care. In recent years, the antibiotics detected in the water environment have gradually become a focus of concern and research. There were antibiotic residues in the rivers, lakes and groundwater in many countries. Currently, many efforts have been made to investigate the occurrences of antibiotics in the rivers, estuaries, sewage treatment plants and so on. Nevertheless, limited studies were conducted on antibiotic residues in the source water. The pollution characteristics of 5 typical groups of antibiotics in Tiegang drinking water source in Shenzhen were investigated using high performance chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed that 8 of the 9 target antibiotics were detected with the concentrations ranged from 1.1 to 203 ng·L-1. Among them, lincomycin was detected with the highest concentration, while erythromycin and amoxicillin were not found in the study. The contamination levels in the tributaries were relatively higher than in the Tiegang reservoir generally, and the highest concentration was detected in Daguanpi river(277.0 ng·L-1), then followed by Jiuwei river(196.4 ng·L-1). The antibiotic contamination levels in dry season were higher than in wet season. The ecological risk assessment revealed that risk quotients(RQs) were over than 1 for the erythromycin in Liaokengshui River, sulfamethoxazole and lincomycin in Daguanpi River(dry season), and lincomycin in Jiuwei river(wet season), indicating the high ecological risk. And the joint risk quotients(RQsums) of antibiotics for Liaokengshui river, Tangtou river, Daguanpi river(dry season) and Jiuwei river(wet season) calculated by simple risk addition model were all higher than 1, which indicated antibiotics would cause obvious hazard to the ecological environment currently.
