CAJ | 학술논문

重金属是雨水径流中的重要污染物质。为探究雨水径流中重金属的季节变化规律。地理位置因素和人为因素对重金属含量的影响。根据西安市城区内道路类型、路面材质、交通量、人流量等因素选择5个采样点，以2013年全年的降雨样品作为研究对象，利用电感耦合等离子质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定雨水径流中重金属Cd、Zn、Fe、Mn、Al、Pb的质量浓度。研究结果表明：Cd的质量浓度正常，低于地表水环境质量Ⅰ类标准，受地理位置、人为活动以及季节变化的影响极小。Zn的质量浓度正常，在地表水环境质量标准第Ⅰ类和第Ⅱ类标准之间；与地理位置、人为活动以及季节变化没有明显关系。Fe的含量因地理位置不同而异，交通繁忙、商业活动较多的小寨四季雨水径流中的Fe均较高，均为城市供水水质标准的3倍，商业活动的影响大于车辆交通的影响，校园秋季雨水中Fe为水质标准的2倍，其它3个季节水质正常，浓度的影响较小，人为因素对雨水中Fe含量的有一定的影响，人流量大的区域雨水中Fe的含量相对较高。冬季燃煤对雨水中Mn的含量影响较为明显。Mn 只在冬季雨水中的含量略高于城市供水水质标准，对环境影响很小；地理位置，人为活动，区域职能对 Mn的含量均没有明显的影响。Al 的含量在城市供水水质标准限值内，受人流量、区域职能、季节变化影响较小，受地理位置影响较大。Pb的含量受路面交通环境和冬季煤炭燃烧的影响较大，在车辆交通繁忙的地点，Pb的含量明显增高；Pb的含量受季节变化影响较为明显，冬季＞春季＞夏季＞秋季；人流量对 Pb 的含量影响不大；下垫面对 Pb 的含量影响明显，柏油路面上的雨水径流中Pb含量最高，石板路面上Pb的含量在其次，塑胶路面上Pb的含量最少。
중금속시우수경류중적중요오염물질。위탐구우수경류중중금속적계절변화규률。지리위치인소화인위인소대중금속함량적영향。근거서안시성구내도로류형、로면재질、교통량、인류량등인소선택5개채양점，이2013년전년적강우양품작위연구대상，이용전감우합등리자질보의（ICP-MS）측정우수경류중중금속Cd、Zn、Fe、Mn、Al、Pb적질량농도。연구결과표명：Cd적질량농도정상，저우지표수배경질량Ⅰ류표준，수지리위치、인위활동이급계절변화적영향겁소。Zn적질량농도정상，재지표수배경질량표준제Ⅰ류화제Ⅱ류표준지간；여지리위치、인위활동이급계절변화몰유명현관계。Fe적함량인지리위치불동이이，교통번망、상업활동교다적소채사계우수경류중적Fe균교고，균위성시공수수질표준적3배，상업활동적영향대우차량교통적영향，교완추계우수중Fe위수질표준적2배，기타3개계절수질정상，농도적영향교소，인위인소대우수중Fe함량적유일정적영향，인류량대적구역우수중Fe적함량상대교고。동계연매대우수중Mn적함량영향교위명현。Mn 지재동계우수중적함량략고우성시공수수질표준，대배경영향흔소；지리위치，인위활동，구역직능대 Mn적함량균몰유명현적영향。Al 적함량재성시공수수질표준한치내，수인류량、구역직능、계절변화영향교소，수지리위치영향교대。Pb적함량수로면교통배경화동계매탄연소적영향교대，재차량교통번망적지점，Pb적함량명현증고；Pb적함량수계절변화영향교위명현，동계＞춘계＞하계＞추계；인류량대 Pb 적함량영향불대；하점면대 Pb 적함량영향명현，백유로면상적우수경류중Pb함량최고，석판로면상Pb적함량재기차，소효로면상Pb적함량최소。
Heavy metals are important pollutants in storm water runoff. To explore the rule of seasonal change of heavy metals in storm runoff and how the location factors and human factors affect heavy metal content. Depending an the type of Xi’ an urban road traffic capacity, traffic and other factors, choose five sampling point. In 2013, take the year’s rainfall samples as the research object, using inductively couples plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) to measure concentration of Cd, Zn, Fe, Mn, Al, Pb in storm water runoff. The results show that the quality of the Cd concentration is normal below the surface water environment quality first class standard, the geographical position, the influence of human activities and the change of seasons. The quality of the zinc concentration is normal, between the the first class and the second class of surface water environment quality standard and had no relation with the geographical location, human activities and the change of seasons. The content of Fe varied from different geographical position. The content of Fe in storm water of the Small Village in four seasons is three times as much as the urban water quality standard. The influence of the commercial activity is greater than the influence of vehicle transportation, The content of Fe in the runoff of campus in autumn is twice of the quality standard, the other three seasons water quality is normal,. The factors affecting the concentration is small. Human factors have a certain influence on content of Fe. The content of Fe is relatively higher in where there is a lot of people. Winter coal-fired impacts on the water content of Mn in evident, Mn content in the winter rain only slightly higher than that of urban water and has little impact on the environment. Geographical location, human activities, regional function have no obvious effect on the content of Mn. The content of Al is less than urban water supply water quality standards limit, rarely affected by traffic, regional function and seasonal change, greatly influenced by geographical location. The content of Pb is affected by the road traffic environment and winter coal combustion is large. At the vehicle traffic location, Pb content increased obvious;The content of Pb affected by seasonal change is obvious, winter>spring>summer>autumn; Traffic has little effect on the content of Pb; Traffic has little effect on the content of Pb, The underlying surface has great effect on the content of Pb. The content of Pb in the runoff on the asphait is the highest, the content of Pb in the runoff on the surface of the stone pavement is the second, the content of Pb in the runoff on the plastic pavement is the least.