CAJ | 학술논문

时间透镜基于时空二元性原理，近年来得到快速发展与广泛应用。时间透镜的发展源自光电子学中工程技术需求和理论发展的双重动力。给出了时间透镜作为超快光学仪器发展历程的综述。对相位调制器、和频产生、交叉相位调制以及四波混频等当前时间透镜的主要实现方案的原理和性能进行了分析和数学描述。相应地，分析了不同实现方案的原理限制以及应用中面临的问题。接下来，将脉冲放大和时频域转换用于超快脉冲检测作为最有代表性的应用进行了说明，其中，对最重要的技术指标分辨率和记录长度进行了定量分析。最后，对一些超快非线性光学原理，如金属纳米结构中表面等离子体激元增强的二阶和三阶光学非线性、石墨烯中强三阶光学非线性导致的四波混频，作为时间透镜发展的潜在机会进行了理论和技术讨论。
시간투경기우시공이원성원리，근년래득도쾌속발전여엄범응용。시간투경적발전원자광전자학중공정기술수구화이론발전적쌍중동력。급출료시간투경작위초쾌광학의기발전역정적종술。대상위조제기、화빈산생、교차상위조제이급사파혼빈등당전시간투경적주요실현방안적원리화성능진행료분석화수학묘술。상응지，분석료불동실현방안적원리한제이급응용중면림적문제。접하래，장맥충방대화시빈역전환용우초쾌맥충검측작위최유대표성적응용진행료설명，기중，대최중요적기술지표분변솔화기록장도진행료정량분석。최후，대일사초쾌비선성광학원리，여금속납미결구중표면등리자체격원증강적이계화삼계광학비선성、석묵희중강삼계광학비선성도치적사파혼빈，작위시간투경발전적잠재궤회진행료이론화기술토론。
Time lens is based upon space-time duality and has been contributed much attention during the last decade as a widely used optical instrumentation. Improvement of time lens is always enhanced by development of photonics as both engineering requirements and theoretical driving. A historical overview of how this powerful framework had been exploited to develop ultra-fast optical instruments was presented. Current state of implementing time lens by phase modulator (PM), sum-frequency generation (SFG), cross-phase modulation (XPM) and four-wave mixing (FWM) were summarized and analyzed by mathematic description. Then, limitations of different implementations of time lens for applications above were analyzed, accordingly. In addition, pulse magnification and time to frequency conversion as the main applications for ultra-fast pulse measurement by time lens were outlined with emphasizing on the evaluation by performances including resolution and record length. Furthermore, some ultra-fast nonlinear principle including surface-plasmon enhanced ultra-fast second- and third-order optical nonlinearities in metallic nanostructure, strong third-order optical nonlinearity induced high efficient FWM in graphene as potential theoretical and technological opportunities to improve time lens were presented and discussed.