CAJ | 학술논문

青海云杉雌性球花空间分布受强的遗传控制，是长期自然选择的结果。雌球花垂直分布在树冠中上部顶层轮生枝以下，有花冠层占66．67％，无性系间有花冠层的变异系数为35．49％；雄球花与雌球花相反，分布在树冠中下部，有花冠层占68．75％，无性系间有花冠层的变异系数为9．09％。雌球花水平分布于1～4枝序间，雄球花分布于3～8枝序间。通常青海云杉无性系球花数H（雌）∶H（雄）＝1∶5．6，但是有偏雄无性系，球花数H （雌）∶H（雄）＝1∶24．53（～39．64），无性系间雌雄球花量差异显著。云杉种子园建园或升级换代时应选择雌雄球花分布比较均衡的无性系，合理配置，减少自交。根据云杉雌雄球花的分布特性，种子园树体整形修剪时进行截顶、疏枝和枝条回缩，降低结实层，增加通风透光性，减小采种难度。进行云杉雌雄球花早期分化时间和机理的研究，促进雌雄球花空间的合理分布和比例，提高种子生产量和品质，根据雌球花量进行种子产量的预测。
청해운삼자성구화공간분포수강적유전공제，시장기자연선택적결과。자구화수직분포재수관중상부정층륜생지이하，유화관층점66．67％，무성계간유화관층적변이계수위35．49％；웅구화여자구화상반，분포재수관중하부，유화관층점68．75％，무성계간유화관층적변이계수위9．09％。자구화수평분포우1～4지서간，웅구화분포우3～8지서간。통상청해운삼무성계구화수H（자）∶H（웅）＝1∶5．6，단시유편웅무성계，구화수H （자）∶H（웅）＝1∶24．53（～39．64），무성계간자웅구화량차이현저。운삼충자완건완혹승급환대시응선택자웅구화분포비교균형적무성계，합리배치，감소자교。근거운삼자웅구화적분포특성，충자완수체정형수전시진행절정、소지화지조회축，강저결실층，증가통풍투광성，감소채충난도。진행운삼자웅구화조기분화시간화궤리적연구，촉진자웅구화공간적합리분포화비례，제고충자생산량화품질，근거자구화량진행충자산량적예측。
The spatial distribution of female cones of Picea crasifolia Mill is strongly controlled by heredity, which is the result of long-term natural selection .The female cones vertically distributed in the upper-middle part of the top verticillate branches with 66.67%of coronal layer, and the coefficient variation of coronal layer among clones was 35.49%.The male cones vertically distributed in the middle or 1ower part of the crown with 68.75%of coronal layer, and the coefficient variation of coronal layer among clones was 9.09%.In the horizontal direction, the female cones distributed between the 1 st and 4 th branch, and the male cones distributed between the 3 rd and 8 th branch.The ratio of female and male cones was 1 ∶5.6, while the phenomenon of biased male clones also occurred with the ratio of female and male of 1 ∶24.53-1 ∶39.64.The variance of quantity of female and male cones among clones was significant.The clones, whose female and male cones showed a relatively balanced distribution, were reasonably arranged when the seed orchard of P.asperata was built or up-graded, thereby, the selfing was decreased.