CAJ | 학술논문

为探明杂交水稻籽粒比重与其他穗粒性状的相关性及其遗传特征，对5个恢复系和6个不育系配组的30个杂交组合进行了比较。结果表明：（1）各杂交组合亩穗数、穗粒数和千粒重的变异系数分别为38.5%、51.5%和24.3%，其中千粒重构成因素之一的籽粒比重可在籽粒体积不变的前提下可提高千粒重1.493 g。（2）杂交水稻单产与大多数穗粒性状呈正相关，但均不显著；而籽粒比重与穗粒数呈极显著正相关，与结实率显著负相关，表现显著消长关系。（3）不同杂交组合籽粒比重存在真实遗传差异，分别以千粒重和籽粒比重得出的杂交组配方案大体一致。研究认为，基于籽粒比重选择的杂交水稻育种方法具有巨大潜力和可行性，在育种实践中应注意与充实度和结实率的协同选择。
위탐명잡교수도자립비중여기타수립성상적상관성급기유전특정，대5개회복계화6개불육계배조적30개잡교조합진행료비교。결과표명：（1）각잡교조합무수수、수립수화천립중적변이계수분별위38.5%、51.5%화24.3%，기중천립중구성인소지일적자립비중가재자립체적불변적전제하가제고천립중1.493 g。（2）잡교수도단산여대다수수립성상정정상관，단균불현저；이자립비중여수립수정겁현저정상관，여결실솔현저부상관，표현현저소장관계。（3）불동잡교조합자립비중존재진실유전차이，분별이천립중화자립비중득출적잡교조배방안대체일치。연구인위，기우자립비중선택적잡교수도육충방법구유거대잠력화가행성，재육충실천중응주의여충실도화결실솔적협동선택。
The experiment was conducted with 30 hybrid combinations which crossed by 5 male parents and 6 female parents for correlation and genetic analysis among kernel density and other ear-kernel characters. The results showed:(1) the variation coefifcient of panicle number per mu,kernel number per panicle and 1000-grain weight was 38.5%,51.5%and 24.3%among all the hybrids, respectively. 1000-grain weight could be increased by 1.493g through improving kernel density with a given kernel size. (2) No signiifcant correlations were found among yield and most of the ear-kernel characters. However,they were positive. Signiifcant positive correlation was found between kernel gravity and panicle number while it was negative between kernel density and seed setting rate. It showed a trade-off relationship. (3) Real genetic difference of kernel gravity was found among 30 hybrids. The results of cross design with kernel density and 1000-grain weight were almost the same. It is indicated that the strategy of kernel density selection for hybrid rice breeding displays a great potential and feasibility. Coevolution of kernel density,seed setting rate and plumpness should be taken into consideration.